The nurse is teaching a patient who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis about non-pharmacological interventions to help alleviate symptoms. Which of the following interventions will the nurse recommend?

Encourage the patient to engage in moderate exercise to improve circulation.

Advise the patient to apply warm compresses to the painful areas to reduce discomfort.

Suggest the patient drink caffeinated beverages to stay alert and energized.

Recommend the patient take cold showers to help reduce pain and swelling.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Encouraging the patient to engage in moderate exercise to improve circulation is not appropriate during a sickle cell crisis. Exercise can increase oxygen demand and exacerbate the crisis. Rest and avoiding strenuous activities are recommended.

Choice B reason: Applying warm compresses to the painful areas can help reduce discomfort and improve circulation. Warmth helps relax muscles and dilate blood vessels, providing relief during a sickle cell crisis.

Choice C reason: Suggesting the patient drink caffeinated beverages to stay alert and energized is not appropriate. Caffeine can cause dehydration, which can worsen the sickling of red blood cells. Maintaining hydration with water and non-caffeinated beverages is essential.

Choice D reason: Recommending cold showers to help reduce pain and swelling is incorrect. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which can worsen pain and reduce blood flow to affected areas. Warm compresses are preferred.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Receiving pneumococcal and influenza vaccines is crucial for patients with sickle cell disease. Infections can trigger sickle cell crises, and these vaccines help prevent common infections that could lead to complications. Ensuring immunization against these diseases reduces the risk of crisis and hospitalization.

Choice B reason: Taking oral hydroxyurea as ordered is an important strategy for preventing sickle cell crises. Hydroxyurea increases fetal hemoglobin levels, which reduces the occurrence of sickling in red blood cells. Adherence to this medication regimen helps reduce the frequency of painful episodes and other complications associated with sickle cell disease.

Choice C reason: Avoiding dehydration is essential for patients with sickle cell disease. Dehydration can lead to increased blood viscosity, promoting sickling of red blood cells and triggering a crisis. Staying well-hydrated helps maintain proper blood flow and reduces the risk of sickle cell-related complications.

Choice D reason: Following a low-fat, low-sodium diet is generally beneficial for overall health but is not specifically targeted at preventing sickle cell crises. While maintaining a healthy diet is important, the focus for sickle cell patients should be on hydration, infection prevention, and medication adherence.

A. Respiratory alkalosis with partial compensation B. Metabolic alkalosis with partial compensation C. Metabolic alkalosis with no compensation D. Metabolic acidosis with partial compensation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Respiratory alkalosis with partial compensation is characterized by a high pH, low PaCO2, and a compensatory decrease in HCO3. In this case, the pH is high (alkaline), PaCO2 is high, and HCO3 is elevated, indicating that the primary disorder is metabolic alkalosis, not respiratory alkalosis.

Choice B reason: Metabolic alkalosis with partial compensation is indicated by a high pH (alkaline), high HCO3 (bicarbonate), and a high PaCO2 (carbon dioxide) as a compensatory mechanism by the respiratory system. In this case, the pH is 7.52 (alkaline), PaCO2 is 55 mmHg, and HCO3 is 30 mEq/L, which fits the profile of metabolic alkalosis with the respiratory system attempting to compensate by retaining CO2.

Choice C reason: Metabolic alkalosis with no compensation would present with a high pH and high HCO3, but normal PaCO2. In this case, the PaCO2 is elevated, indicating that there is some level of respiratory compensation occurring, which rules out the "no compensation" scenario.

Choice D reason: Metabolic acidosis with partial compensation would present with a low pH, low HCO3, and low PaCO2 as a compensatory mechanism. In this case, the pH is high (alkaline), not low, which is inconsistent with metabolic acidosis.

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The nurse is teaching a patient who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis about non-pharmacological interventions to help alleviate symptoms. Which of the following interventions will the nurse recommend?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a patient with sickle cell disease about strategies to prevent sickle cell crisis. The patient states, "I do not want to come to the hospital with another sickle cell crisis." What will the nurse include in this teaching? (Select All That Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a trauma patient who has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.52, PaCO2 55, HCO3 30 me/L. How will the nurse interpret these results?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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