The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is reporting dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's chest and hears wheezing throughout the lung fields. What does this finding indicate to the nurse about this patient?

Bronchoconstriction

Pulmonary edema

Hemoptysis

Pneumothorax

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Wheezing is a typical sound heard during bronchoconstriction, which occurs in conditions like asthma and COPD. It indicates that the airways are narrowed, causing the characteristic sound.

Choice B reason: Pulmonary edema typically presents with crackles or rales rather than wheezing. Wheezing would not be the primary indication of this condition.

Choice C reason: Hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood and does not typically present with wheezing. It might present with other sounds if there is an underlying lung issue, but wheezing is not specific to it.

Choice D reason: Pneumothorax generally presents with decreased or absent breath sounds on one side, not wheezing. It occurs when air enters the pleural space, causing lung collapse.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: A hard, rigid abdomen and herniation of the umbilicus are not typical findings in ulcerative colitis. These symptoms may indicate other abdominal conditions such as hernia or peritonitis, but are not specific to ulcerative colitis.

Choice B reason: Pallor, anemia, and fatigue are consistent with ulcerative colitis due to chronic blood loss and inflammation. These symptoms indicate the body's response to ongoing disease activity and nutritional deficiencies.

Choice C reason: Abdominal cramping and passing of six or more liquid stools per day are hallmark symptoms of ulcerative colitis. These symptoms reflect active inflammation in the colon, leading to frequent and urgent bowel movements.

Choice D reason: Dehydration, vomiting, and weight loss are also consistent with ulcerative colitis, especially during severe flare-ups. These symptoms result from the body's inability to absorb nutrients and fluids properly due to inflammation.

Choice E reason: Free air in the peritoneum and bowel dilation on abdominal x-ray are more indicative of a perforation or obstruction, which are potential but severe complications of ulcerative colitis. These findings would require immediate medical attention.

A. Large, bulky stools B. Three formed stools in eight hours C. Streaks of blood present in the stool

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Large, bulky stools are not uncommon after a barium enema, as the barium can cause temporary changes in stool consistency and volume. This finding would not necessarily warrant immediate reporting to the healthcare provider unless there are other concerning symptoms.

Choice B reason: Three formed stools in eight hours may indicate increased bowel activity but is not an unusual finding after a barium enema. This would not typically be a cause for concern unless accompanied by other symptoms.

Choice C reason: Streaks of blood present in the stool is a concerning finding that should be reported to the healthcare provider. The presence of blood may indicate mucosal injury, inflammation, or other complications that need to be addressed promptly.

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The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is reporting dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's chest and hears wheezing throughout the lung fields. What does this finding indicate to the nurse about this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nursing student is reviewing the chart of a patient admitted with ulcerative colitis. Which findings will the student identify to the nursing instructor as consistent with the patient's diagnosis? (Select All That Apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient after a barium enema. When assessing the patient's subsequent bowel patterns and stools, what finding will the nurse report to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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