The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The patient is upset and concerned about how they got IBS. What evidence-based information, related to the causes of IBS, will the nurse provide to this patient?

Your family history of common bile duct disorder is a trigger for this disease.

The frequent occurrence of blood in your stool is the main cause of your IBS.

People with a family history of psychiatric disorders and food allergies are more likely to get IBS.

Environmental and psychosocial factors can be associated with the onset of this disease.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Family history of common bile duct disorder is not a known trigger for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder with multifactorial causes, including but not limited to genetics, gut-brain axis, and environmental factors. Bile duct disorders and IBS have different pathophysiological mechanisms and are not directly linked.

Choice B reason: The frequent occurrence of blood in the stool is not a cause of IBS. Blood in the stool is more indicative of other gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, or haemorrhoids. IBS is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits without organic pathology such as bleeding.

Choice C reason: While there is some evidence suggesting that individuals with a family history of psychiatric disorders and food allergies may have a higher prevalence of IBS, it is not the main cause. These factors may contribute to the onset and exacerbation of symptoms but are part of a broader spectrum of triggers, including genetics, stress, and gut microbiota.

Choice D reason: Environmental and psychosocial factors are indeed associated with the onset of IBS. Factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, and traumatic life events can play a significant role in the development and exacerbation of IBS symptoms. Additionally, environmental factors like diet, infections, and changes in gut microbiota are known to influence IBS. This choice aligns with current evidence-based understanding of the condition.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Administering a platelet transfusion immediately is not indicated for a platelet count of 45,000/mm³. While this is below the normal range, it is not critically low. Platelet transfusions are typically reserved for patients with life-threatening bleeding or extremely low platelet counts.

Choice B reason: Monitoring the patient for signs of bleeding and educating about bleeding precautions is the appropriate intervention. Patients with thrombocytopenia are at an increased risk of bleeding, and it is essential to educate them on how to minimize this risk, such as avoiding activities that can cause injury, using a soft toothbrush, and avoiding over-the-counter medications that can affect platelet function.

Choice C reason: Administering aspirin to reduce the risk of clot formation is incorrect. Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that can increase the risk of bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia. It should be avoided unless specifically prescribed for another condition with close monitoring.

Choice D reason: Encouraging the patient to engage in regular physical exercise to improve circulation is not appropriate in this context. While physical activity is generally beneficial, it should be done with caution in patients with thrombocytopenia to avoid injury and bleeding. The focus should be on safety and bleeding precautions.

A. Apply a hypothermia blanket. B. Administer humidified oxygen. C. Administer aspirin 325 mg orally. D. Administer D5NS intravenous infusion. E. Administer propylthiouracil.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Applying a hypothermia blanket is appropriate for managing hyperthermia in a patient with Graves' disease. Elevated temperatures (fever) are common in thyroid storm, a severe complication of Graves' disease. Using a hypothermia blanket helps reduce the body temperature and prevent further complications.

Choice B reason: Administering humidified oxygen is important for supporting respiratory function in a patient with increased respiratory rate and decreased level of consciousness. Humidified oxygen can help alleviate respiratory distress and improve oxygenation.

Choice C reason: Administering aspirin 325 mg orally is not recommended for patients with hyperthyroidism or thyroid storm. Aspirin can increase free thyroid hormone levels by displacing thyroid hormone from its binding proteins, potentially worsening the patient's condition. Acetaminophen is a safer alternative for managing fever in these patients.

Choice D reason: Administering D5NS intravenous infusion is appropriate for managing dehydration and electrolyte imbalances in a patient with thyroid storm. This intervention helps maintain fluid balance and provides dextrose for energy.

Choice E reason: Administering propylthiouracil is a key intervention for managing thyroid storm. Propylthiouracil inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis and peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, helping to reduce thyroid hormone levels and alleviate symptoms.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The patient is upset and concerned about how they got IBS. What evidence-based information, related to the causes of IBS, will the nurse provide to this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with thrombocytopenia who has a platelet count of 45,000/mm³. What nursing intervention will the nurse implement to manage this condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

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