The nurse is teaching a patient who is scheduled for hemodialysis about the process and potential complications. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates to the nurse the need for further teaching? (Select All That Apply)

"I can eat any foods I want before dialysis as long as I don't drink too much fluid."

"I need to report any unusual changes in my access site, like redness or swelling."

"I will need to check my blood pressure regularly to monitor for changes during dialysis."

"I should contact my healthcare provider if I notice swelling in my hands, feet, or ankles."

"I understand that hemodialysis will permanently cure my kidney disease."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,E

Choice A reason: Eating any foods before dialysis as long as fluid intake is limited is incorrect. Patients undergoing hemodialysis need to follow specific dietary restrictions to manage electrolyte balance and prevent complications. A renal diet typically limits potassium, phosphorus, and sodium intake, in addition to fluid restrictions.

Choice B reason: Reporting any unusual changes in the access site, like redness or swelling, is correct. Changes at the access site can indicate infection or other complications and require immediate attention.

Choice C reason: Checking blood pressure regularly to monitor for changes during dialysis is correct. Blood pressure monitoring is essential during dialysis to detect hypotension or hypertension and adjust treatment accordingly.

Choice D reason: Contacting the healthcare provider if swelling in hands, feet, or ankles is noticed is correct. Swelling can indicate fluid overload or other complications that need to be addressed.

Choice E reason: Understanding that hemodialysis will permanently cure kidney disease is incorrect. Hemodialysis is a treatment that replaces kidney function but does not cure kidney disease. It manages symptoms and removes waste products from the blood.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Bronchoconstriction is the hallmark of COPD. The narrowing of the airways produces wheezing that is heard throughout the lung fields, making this finding consistent with the patient’s condition.

Choice B reason:

Pulmonary edema usually causes crackles (rales), not widespread wheezing. It’s more related to fluid overload in the lungs rather than airway narrowing.

Choice C reason:

Hemoptysis involves coughing up blood. This symptom does not correlate with wheezing and would be noted as blood in the sputum, not an audible finding on auscultation.

Choice D reason:

Pneumothorax typically presents with diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side, not diffuse wheezing. It is more associated with sudden chest pain and respiratory distress.

A. The patient who is having white milky liquid stools immediately after a barium enema. B. The patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who has not had a bowel movement for three days. C. The patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis with a temperature of 101°F and abdominal distention. D. The patient receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) whose blood glucose level is 225 mg/dL.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: White milky liquid stools immediately after a barium enema are not uncommon and are typically due to the passage of barium. This finding does not usually require immediate reporting unless there are other concerning symptoms.

Choice B reason: Not having a bowel movement for three days in a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be uncomfortable but is not typically an emergency. Management can be addressed through dietary and medication adjustments rather than immediate reporting.

Choice C reason: A temperature of 101°F and abdominal distention in a patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis is concerning and should be reported immediately. These symptoms can indicate a serious complication such as toxic megacolon, perforation, or severe infection, which require prompt medical intervention.

Choice D reason: A blood glucose level of 225 mg/dL in a patient receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is elevated but not necessarily an emergency. Elevated blood glucose levels are a common side effect of TPN and can be managed through adjustments in insulin or TPN composition.

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The nurse is teaching a patient who is scheduled for hemodialysis about the process and potential complications. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates to the nurse the need for further teaching? (Select All That Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is reporting dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's chest and hears wheezing throughout the lung fields. What does this finding indicate to the nurse about this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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