The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level.

Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications.

HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level:
This statement is accurate. Antiretroviral medications can reduce the viral load in the blood to undetectable levels, which helps in managing HIV effectively.

B. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus:
This statement is misleading. While antiretroviral medications are effective in managing HIV and can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, they do not entirely prevent the transmission of the virus. Safe practices, including the use of condoms and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are also necessary to reduce transmission risk.

C. The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications:
This is correct. Antiretroviral therapy helps manage HIV, preventing the progression to AIDS and reducing the likelihood of complications associated with AIDS.

D. HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen:
This is true. Current antiretroviral therapies effectively control HIV and prevent progression to AIDS, but they do not cure the infection. Ongoing treatment is necessary to maintain viral suppression and overall health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Apply a pulse oximeter to the client per protocol: The priority intervention is to monitor the client’s respiratory status closely when initiating a continuous epidural infusion with an opioid analgesic. Opioids can cause respiratory depression, and using a pulse oximeter helps in detecting any drop in oxygen saturation, allowing for timely intervention if respiratory issues arise.

B) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter per protocol: While an indwelling urinary catheter might be used in some cases for convenience and monitoring, it is not the immediate priority in the context of starting an epidural opioid infusion. The primary concern is monitoring for respiratory depression and ensuring the client’s safety with the opioid medication.

C) Administer an antiemetic per PRN prescription: Administering an antiemetic may be necessary if the client experiences nausea, which is a potential side effect of opioids. However, the more immediate concern when starting an opioid infusion is ensuring the client’s respiratory function is stable.

D) Administer a stool softener per PRN protocol: Stool softeners might be required to manage opioid-induced constipation, but this is not the most urgent concern when starting the medication. The immediate priority is monitoring respiratory status to prevent potential complications associated with opioid use.

Correct Answer is ["200"]

Explanation

Calculations:

Total volume of the IV bag = 200 mL

Infusion time = 1 hour

To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr, we use the formula:

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hours)

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 200 mL / 1 hour = 200 mL/hr

Therefore, the nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver 200 mL/hr.

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The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which nursing intervention has priority when initiating a continuous epidural infusion with an opioid analgesic?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client receives a prescription for ciprofloxacin 400 mg intravenously (IV) every 12 hours to be infused over an hour. The IV bag contains ciprofloxacin 400 mg in dextrose 5% in water (DW) 200 mL. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Enter numerical value only.)

Correct Answer is ["200"]

Explanation

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