The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level.

Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications.

HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level:
This statement is accurate. Antiretroviral medications can reduce the viral load in the blood to undetectable levels, which helps in managing HIV effectively.

B. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus:
This statement is misleading. While antiretroviral medications are effective in managing HIV and can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, they do not entirely prevent the transmission of the virus. Safe practices, including the use of condoms and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are also necessary to reduce transmission risk.

C. The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications:
This is correct. Antiretroviral therapy helps manage HIV, preventing the progression to AIDS and reducing the likelihood of complications associated with AIDS.

D. HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen:
This is true. Current antiretroviral therapies effectively control HIV and prevent progression to AIDS, but they do not cure the infection. Ongoing treatment is necessary to maintain viral suppression and overall health.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Perform a bladder scan:
This intervention is useful for assessing urinary retention or post-void residual volumes but is not specifically related to monitoring the adverse effects of tamsulosin.

B. Obtain daily weights:
Daily weights are typically used to monitor fluid balance and signs of fluid retention, not specifically for adverse reactions to tamsulosin.

C. Assess urine output:
While monitoring urine output can be important in managing BPH, it is not specifically targeted to identify adverse reactions to tamsulosin.

D. Monitor blood pressure:
Tamsulosin, an alpha-1 blocker, can cause orthostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure when standing up) and dizziness. Monitoring blood pressure helps detect this potential adverse effect, ensuring the client is not experiencing significant drops in blood pressure.

A. When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur. B. Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia. C. When unable to eat during sick days. D. At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur:
Glucagon is used to rapidly increase blood glucose levels in cases of severe hypoglycemia when the person is unable to eat or drink. It is administered in emergency situations where the individual is unconscious or unable to consume oral glucose.

B. Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia:
Glucagon is not used to prevent hyperglycemia or as a routine preventive measure. It is specifically for emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia.

C. When unable to eat during sick days:
While glucagon can be used if the person is unable to eat due to severe hypoglycemia, it is not typically used as a preventative measure for situations where the client is simply unable to eat. Regular monitoring and management of blood glucose levels are necessary during illness.

D. At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis:
Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is managed with insulin, fluids, and electrolytes, not glucagon.

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The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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