The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level.

Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications.

HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level:
This statement is accurate. Antiretroviral medications can reduce the viral load in the blood to undetectable levels, which helps in managing HIV effectively.

B. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus:
This statement is misleading. While antiretroviral medications are effective in managing HIV and can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, they do not entirely prevent the transmission of the virus. Safe practices, including the use of condoms and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are also necessary to reduce transmission risk.

C. The medications can decrease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complications:
This is correct. Antiretroviral therapy helps manage HIV, preventing the progression to AIDS and reducing the likelihood of complications associated with AIDS.

D. HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen:
This is true. Current antiretroviral therapies effectively control HIV and prevent progression to AIDS, but they do not cure the infection. Ongoing treatment is necessary to maintain viral suppression and overall health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Instruct the client that it is necessary to take nothing but water with the medication:
Risedronate, a bisphosphonate used for osteoporosis, should be taken with a full glass of water on an empty stomach. The client should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to enhance absorption and reduce the risk of esophageal irritation. Milk and other beverages can interfere with the absorption of the medication.

B. Withhold the medication until the client's breakfast tray is available on the unit:
This would delay the medication unnecessarily. Risedronate should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure proper absorption.

C. Consult with a pharmacist about scheduling the dose one hour after the client eats:
This is not appropriate as risedronate should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure maximum absorption. Consulting a pharmacist in this context may lead to a misunderstanding of the medication's administration requirements.

D. Assign an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to bring the client a glass of low fat milk:
Offering milk with risedronate is inappropriate as it interferes with the medication’s absorption. The client should only take the medication with water.

A. Assess for hypoglycemia between meals. B. Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given. C. Keep an oral liquid or glucose source available. D. Check blood glucose levels every six hours.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Assess for hypoglycemia between meals: While monitoring for hypoglycemia is important, insulin lispro, being a rapid-acting insulin, primarily acts around meal times. Hypoglycemia is most likely to occur around the times when insulin lispro is active, which correlates with meal times rather than between meals.

B) Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin designed to manage blood glucose levels around meal times. Administering insulin lispro immediately before or with meals helps match the insulin peak with the glucose from the meal, minimizing the risk of postprandial hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

C) Keep an oral liquid or glucose source available: Keeping a glucose source available is a good practice to quickly address hypoglycemia if it occurs. However, the most critical intervention is ensuring that insulin administration aligns with food intake to manage glucose levels effectively.

D) Check blood glucose levels every six hours: Checking blood glucose levels every six hours might not capture the fluctuations related to insulin lispro's rapid action. More frequent monitoring around meal times is necessary to adjust doses appropriately and prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

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The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who is receiving insulin lispro?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 300 mg/hour IV. The IV bag is contains magnesium sulfate 4 grams in dextrose 5% in water (DW) 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)

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