The nurse is providing care to several patients in an outpatient clinic. Which patient is at highest risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD)?
A patient who follows a strict vegetarian diet.
A patient who is morbidly obese
A patient who is 6 weeks pregnant.
A patient who drinks a glass of wine monthly.
The Correct Answer is B
Excess body weight, particularly in the abdominal area, can increase intra-abdominal pressure and lead to the weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is responsible for preventing stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. When it becomes weakened, it can contribute to the development of GERD. Other risk factors for GERD include certain dietary choices, such as consuming fatty and spicy foods, smoking, pregnancy, and alcohol consumption.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, their immune system reacts by damaging the lining of the small intestine, specifically the villi. The damaged villi are unable to effectively absorb nutrients from food, leading to malabsorption and a variety of symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that can depress the respiratory system. Respiratory depression is a potential adverse effect of morphine, and it is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient's respiratory rate regularly to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent respiratory complications.
By checking the respiratory rate, the nurse can assess if the patient is breathing adequately and detect any signs of respiratory depression. If the respiratory rate is significantly decreased or the patient shows signs of respiratory distress (e.g., shallow or irregular breathing), immediate intervention is necessary to address the situation promptly.
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