The nurse is preparing to care for a newborn receiving phototherapy.
Which interventions should be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Choice A rationale

Performing the most invasive assessment first can cause distress and fear in a preschooler. It’s generally recommended to start with less invasive procedures to build trust and cooperation.

Choice B rationale

Separating a child from their caregiver during an examination can cause anxiety and fear. It’s often beneficial to have the caregiver present during the examination to provide comfort and reassurance.

Choice C rationale

Allowing a child to role-play using miniature equipment can help alleviate fears and anxieties about the examination. It gives the child a sense of control and understanding of what to expect.

Choice D rationale

While it’s important to explain procedures to a child, using medical terminology can confuse and scare them. It’s better to use simple, age-appropriate language that the child can understand.

Choice A rationale

Asking the guardians to leave during the procedure is not recommended. The presence of a familiar person can provide comfort and reduce anxiety for the toddler during a stressful procedure.

Choice B rationale

Performing the procedure with the child in his bed can provide a sense of security and familiarity, which can help reduce anxiety and fear.

Choice C rationale

Using the child’s favorite toy to explain or distract during the procedure can help the child understand what to expect and provide a sense of control.

Choice D rationale

Applying lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) Cream to 2-3 potential insertion sites can help numb the area and reduce pain during the procedure.

Choice E rationale

Allowing the child to make one choice regarding the procedure can provide a sense of control and cooperation.