The nurse is preparing to administer hydration via an intravenous route to a client. The nurse understands that the patient needs an isotonic solution. Which of the following options is considered an isotonic solution?

0.9% Sodium Chloride

0.45% Sodium Chloride

5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringers

None of the above

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   0.9% Sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution, meaning it has a similar osmolality to the blood and will not cause fluid shifts into or out of cells.
B.   This is a hypotonic solution, which has a lower osmolality than blood and can cause water to move into cells, potentially leading to cell swelling.
C.   This solution is considered isotonic, but it has dextrose, which is metabolized quickly in the body, potentially making the solution hypotonic after glucose is used.
D.   This is incorrect, as 0.9% Sodium Chloride is an isotonic solution.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory depression is a hallmark sign of opioid toxicity. A rate of 7 breaths per minute indicates severe respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate intervention with naloxone.
B. Anxiety is not typically associated with opioid toxicity, but rather may be a sign of withdrawal or other conditions.
C. Fever is not a sign of opioid toxicity. It may be a sign of infection or other medical issues.
D. Hypertension is not typical of opioid toxicity; opioids usually cause hypotension, not hypertension.

A. Hypoglycemia B. Hypothyroidism C. Hypocalcemia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Calcium carbonate does not treat hypoglycemia. It is used to address low calcium levels, not blood sugar levels.
B. Calcium carbonate is not used to treat hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy (e.g., levothyroxine).
C. Calcium carbonate is commonly used to treat hypocalcemia (low calcium levels in the blood) and to prevent bone loss in conditions such as osteoporosis.
D. Calcium carbonate is not used to treat hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). Treatments for hyperkalemia may include medications like sodium bicarbonate or calcium gluconate, but not calcium carbonate.

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The nurse is preparing to administer hydration via an intravenous route to a client. The nurse understands that the patient needs an isotonic solution. Which of the following options is considered an isotonic solution?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who received a high amount of fentanyl three hours ago. The nurse understands that she should anticipate a prescription for naloxone (Narcan). Which of the following signs is suggestive of opioid toxicity triad?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client that is newly prescribed with calcium carbonate supplements. Which of the following options is an indication for this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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