The nurse is preparing to administer 1 liter (1000 mL) of 0.9% NS over 2 hours intravenously to a patient experiencing shock. At what rate will the nurse set the infusion pump? Enter the number only.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["8.3"]

Step 1: Total volume = 1000 mL (which is 1 liter)

Step 2: Total time = 2 hours. But since the infusion pump rate is typically set in mL per minute, we need to convert this to minutes. There are 60 minutes in an hour, so 2 hours is 2 × 60 = 120 minutes.

Step 3: Now we can calculate the rate. The rate is the total volume divided by the total time. So, the rate = 1000 mL ÷ 120 minutes.

Calculating the above gives us the rate at which the nurse will set the infusion pump. Let's calculate it:

Step 4: Rate = 1000 mL ÷ 120 minutes = 8.33 mL/minute.

So, the nurse will set the infusion pump at a rate of approximately 8.33 mL per minute. If rounding is required, this can be rounded to 8.3 mL per minute.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Petechiae on the chest are small, red or purple spots caused by bleeding into the skin and may be associated with various conditions, including infections. However, they are not a common finding in meningitis. Meningitis typically presents with symptoms related to inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

Choice B reason: Bradycardia, which is a slower than normal heart rate, is not a typical symptom of meningitis. While meningitis can affect various bodily functions, the classic symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness, not changes in heart rate.

Choice C reason: Intermittent headache could be associated with meningitis, but the headaches that accompany meningitis are usually constant and severe due to the inflammation of the meninges. They are not typically described as intermittent.

Choice D reason: Photophobia, or light sensitivity, is a common finding in meningitis. The inflammation of the meninges can lead to an increased sensitivity to light, causing discomfort or pain when the patient is exposed to bright lights. This symptom, along with headache, neck stiffness, and fever, helps to distinguish meningitis from other conditions.

A. Cheyne-Stokes respirations B. Pupillary dilation C. Altered level of consciousness D. Decorticate posturing

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cheyne-Stokes respirations, characterized by a pattern of irregular breathing with periods of apnea, can be a sign of brain stem compression due to increased intracranial pressure. However, it is not typically the first sign of deteriorating neurological status.

Choice B reason: Pupillary dilation, especially if it is unilateral, can indicate pressure on the cranial nerves due to increased intracranial pressure. It is a concerning sign but may not be the first to appear as neurological function deteriorates.

Choice C reason: An altered level of consciousness is often the first sign of deteriorating neurological status in a patient with increased intracranial pressure. Changes in consciousness can range from slight disorientation or confusion to complete unresponsiveness.

Choice D reason: Decorticate posturing, which involves abnormal flexion of the arms with extension of the legs, indicates significant brain injury and is a later sign of increased intracranial pressure, not typically the first sign.

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The nurse is preparing to administer 1 liter (1000 mL) of 0.9% NS over 2 hours intravenously to a patient experiencing shock. At what rate will the nurse set the infusion pump? Enter the number only.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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