The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of well-educated clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of the AIDS virus. The nurse should explain that the human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acts in which way to suppress the immune system?
Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells.
Increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM.
Proliferation of suppressor T-cells.
Deficiency of cytotoxic T cells.
The Correct Answer is A
A. HIV primarily targets and destroys helper T-cells (CD4 cells), which are crucial for orchestrating the immune response, leading to immune system suppression and increased vulnerability to infections.
B. An increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM is not a direct action of HIV; in fact, B-cell function is also impaired as the disease progresses.
C. Proliferation of suppressor T-cells is not a characteristic effect of HIV; instead, it is the helper T-cells that are predominantly affected, leading to immune dysfunction.
D. While cytotoxic T cells may be present, their function is impaired due to the loss of helper T-cells, but deficiency of cytotoxic T cells is not the primary mechanism by which HIV suppresses the immune system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Obtaining arterial blood gases is important for assessing respiratory status but is not the immediate priority.
B. Administering an antipyretic can help reduce fever but does not address the immediate respiratory distress the client is experiencing.
C. Offering an analgesic can improve comfort but is not the priority intervention in this scenario.
D. Suctioning to clear secretions from the airway is the most critical intervention to improve the client’s respiratory status, especially given the weak cough effort and use of accessory muscles, indicating possible airway obstruction or ineffective clearance of secretions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Uncontrollable shaking can be a side effect of albuterol, but it is not as critical as other potential cardiovascular concerns.
B. Increased anxiety is common with respiratory distress but is not immediately life-threatening.
C. Throat irritation may occur but is generally not a severe concern compared to cardiovascular effects.
D. An irregular rapid heart rate is a significant sign of potential adverse effects from albuterol, indicating possible toxicity or worsening of the client’s condition, which requires immediate intervention.
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