The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of well-educated clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of the AIDS virus. The nurse should explain that the human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acts in which way to suppress the immune system?
Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells.
Increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM.
Proliferation of suppressor T-cells.
Deficiency of cytotoxic T cells.
The Correct Answer is A
A. HIV primarily targets and destroys helper T-cells (CD4 cells), which are crucial for orchestrating the immune response, leading to immune system suppression and increased vulnerability to infections.
B. An increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM is not a direct action of HIV; in fact, B-cell function is also impaired as the disease progresses.
C. Proliferation of suppressor T-cells is not a characteristic effect of HIV; instead, it is the helper T-cells that are predominantly affected, leading to immune dysfunction.
D. While cytotoxic T cells may be present, their function is impaired due to the loss of helper T-cells, but deficiency of cytotoxic T cells is not the primary mechanism by which HIV suppresses the immune system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While deep breathing exercises are important after surgery, they are not specific to cataract extraction recovery; the focus should be on eye care.
B. Observing the pupil response of the right eye can help detect any issues with the right eye post-surgery, ensuring the patient monitors both eyes' health effectively.
C. Clients are generally advised to avoid sleeping flat and may be instructed to sleep in a specific position to prevent pressure on the operated eye, often in a semi-reclined position.
D. Administering a stool softener can be important for some postoperative patients, but it is not a primary concern following cataract surgery unless specifically indicated for that client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While the nurse can perform oral care, it is essential for the UAP to assist where appropriate, and oral care should not be solely left for the nurse.
B. A soft-bristled toothbrush is the best option for the client with painful mouth ulcers, as it is gentle and reduces the risk of further irritation.
C. Offering mouthwash may not be appropriate, especially if it contains alcohol, as it could further irritate the ulcers; additionally, thorough cleansing is typically more effective with careful brushing rather than rinsing alone.
D. Wearing sterile gloves is unnecessary for oral care; standard precautions, including clean gloves, should be used, but sterile gloves are not required for this type of care.
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