The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of well-educated clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of the AIDS virus. The nurse should explain that the human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acts in which way to suppress the immune system?
Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells.
Increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM.
Proliferation of suppressor T-cells.
Deficiency of cytotoxic T cells.
The Correct Answer is A
A. HIV primarily targets and destroys helper T-cells (CD4 cells), which are crucial for orchestrating the immune response, leading to immune system suppression and increased vulnerability to infections.
B. An increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM is not a direct action of HIV; in fact, B-cell function is also impaired as the disease progresses.
C. Proliferation of suppressor T-cells is not a characteristic effect of HIV; instead, it is the helper T-cells that are predominantly affected, leading to immune dysfunction.
D. While cytotoxic T cells may be present, their function is impaired due to the loss of helper T-cells, but deficiency of cytotoxic T cells is not the primary mechanism by which HIV suppresses the immune system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Increasing the intake of oral fluids is crucial as it helps to liquefy secretions, making it easier for the client to cough up thick mucus and improve breathing.
B. While anxiety reduction methods can be helpful, addressing the physical symptoms of respiratory distress is more immediate.
C. Monitoring for medication side effects is important, but it is secondary to ensuring effective airway clearance and improving respiratory function.
D. Avoiding crowded areas is a preventive measure but does not address the current issue of managing mucus production and shortness of breath.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
- Oxygen saturation greater than 94% indicates improved oxygenation, showing the treatment's effectiveness.
- PaCO2 55 mm Hg per arterial blood gas indicates hypercapnia, suggesting ineffective treatment as normal levels should be lower.
- Symmetric chest expansion suggests effective treatment as it reflects improved lung function.
- Rhonchi in the right lung may indicate retained secretions, suggesting ineffective treatment.
- Client ambulates without shortness of breath demonstrates effective treatment, as the patient can move without respiratory distress.
- Diminished breath sounds in the right lung could indicate ongoing consolidation or fluid, suggesting ineffective treatment.
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