The nurse is educating a patient about the use of a beta blocker to control their blood pressure. Which medication below would be considered a beta blocker?
cardizem
laberolol
losartan
simvastatin
The Correct Answer is B
A) Cardizem:
Cardizem (diltiazem) is a calcium channel blocker. Calcium channel blockers work by inhibiting the entry of calcium into the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, which helps relax the blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
B) Labetalol:
Labetalol is a beta blocker and an alpha-1 blocker. It works by blocking both beta-adrenergic receptors (which help decrease heart rate and blood pressure) and alpha-1 receptors (which cause vasodilation). This dual action makes labetalol effective in treating high blood pressure, especially in patients with conditions like hypertension and hypertensive emergencies. It reduces heart rate and helps relax blood vessels, improving blood flow.
C) Losartan:
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). ARBs work by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict. By blocking this effect, losartan helps lower blood pressure and is used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.
D) Simvastatin:
Simvastatin is a statin, which is a medication used to lower cholesterol levels. Statins work by inhibiting an enzyme involved in cholesterol production in the liver. They are used primarily to manage high cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease, but they do not have an effect on heart rate or blood pressure, unlike beta blockers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Given:
Volume of fluid: 50 mL
Infusion time: 1 hour (60 minutes)
Drop factor: 15 gtt/mL
Formula:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume (mL) / Time (min)) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/min:
Infusion rate (mL/min) = Volume (mL) / Time (min)
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 50 mL / 60 min
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 0.83 mL/min
Step 2: Calculate the flow rate in gtt/min:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 0.83 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 12.5 gtt/min
Step 3: Round to the nearest whole number:
Flow rate (gtt/min) ≈ 13 gtt/min
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Given:
Volume of fluid: 50 mL
Infusion time: 1 hour (60 minutes)
Drop factor: 15 gtt/mL
Formula:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume (mL) / Time (min)) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/min:
Infusion rate (mL/min) = Volume (mL) / Time (min)
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 50 mL / 60 min
Infusion rate (mL/min) = 0.83 mL/min
Step 2: Calculate the flow rate in gtt/min:
Flow rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 0.83 mL/min x 15 gtt/mL
Flow rate (gtt/min) = 12.5 gtt/min
Step 3: Round to the nearest whole number:
Flow rate (gtt/min) ≈ 13 gtt/min
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