All of these side effects of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB$) except:

Headache

Dizziness

Constipation

Hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Headache:
Headache is a known side effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), such as losartan, valsartan, and olmesartan. These medications can cause headaches due to their vasodilatory effects, which can lead to changes in blood pressure and blood flow. While not everyone will experience this side effect, it is considered relatively common.

B) Dizziness:
Dizziness is another common side effect of ARBs. As ARBs cause vasodilation by blocking the angiotensin II receptors, they can lower blood pressure, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly. This is particularly noticeable in patients who are elderly or who are on multiple antihypertensive medications.

C) Constipation:
Constipation is not a typical side effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). While some medications, especially calcium channel blockers and certain opioid analgesics, are more commonly associated with constipation, ARBs do not have this effect. ARBs primarily affect the vascular system and the kidneys, and constipation is not generally a side effect.

D) Hypotension:
Hypotension (low blood pressure) is a common side effect of ARBs. Since these medications relax blood vessels and decrease blood pressure by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, they can lead to a drop in blood pressure, particularly in the first few days of treatment or when starting therapy. This can result in symptoms like dizziness or fainting, especially when changing positions (postural hypotension).

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Given:
Volume of fluid: 50 mL (DSW)
Infusion time: 30 minutes

Formula:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = Volume (mL) / Time (hr)

Step 1: Convert infusion time to hours:
Infusion time (hr) = 30 min / 60 min/hr
Infusion time (hr) = 0.5 hr

Step 2: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr:
Flow rate (mL/hr) = Volume (mL) / Infusion time (hr)
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 50 mL / 0.5 hr
Flow rate (mL/hr) = 100 mL/hr

A. High protein diet B. Limit salt intake C. 50 pound weight loss D. Decrease Water intake

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) High protein diet:
A high-protein diet is generally not a recommended nonpharmacological treatment for heart failure. While adequate protein intake is important for overall health, heart failure management typically focuses more on regulating sodium, fluid, and caloric intake. In some cases, a high-protein diet could place additional strain on the kidneys or exacerbate other conditions that may complicate heart failure.

B) Limit salt intake:
Limiting salt (sodium) intake is a crucial nonpharmacological strategy in managing heart failure. Excessive sodium can cause the body to retain water, leading to fluid overload, which can worsen heart failure symptoms such as edema, shortness of breath, and elevated blood pressure. Reducing sodium intake helps prevent these complications and aids in controlling symptoms.

C) 50 pound weight loss:
While weight loss may be beneficial for some individuals, especially those who are obese, a sudden or extreme weight loss of 50 pounds is not typically advised for someone with heart failure unless supervised by a healthcare provider. Rapid weight loss can lead to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, which may exacerbate heart failure symptoms.

D) Decrease Water intake:
While fluid restriction may be necessary for some individuals, especially those with severe fluid retention or in advanced stages of heart failure, it is not a blanket recommendation. The approach to fluid intake should be based on the individual’s condition, including factors such as kidney function and the presence of edema.

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All of these side effects of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB$) except:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Tagamet 300 mg IVPB q8hr. The medication has been added to 50 mL DSW to infuse over 30 minutes. How many ml/hr?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Nonpharmacological treatment of heart failure includes:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A provider is explaining potential side effects of digoxin. The patient would be correct if they say which statement?

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