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What is the not common side effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors?

A.

constipation

B.

headache

C.

nonproductive cough

D.

chest pain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Constipation:
ACE inhibitors primarily affect the cardiovascular system by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor. Common side effects of ACE inhibitors include cough, dizziness, or elevated potassium levels, but constipation is not typically associated with these medications.

B) Headache:
While headaches can occasionally occur due to changes in blood pressure or other factors related to ACE inhibitors, it is not considered a hallmark side effect. More commonly, ACE inhibitors are associated with dizziness or lightheadedness, particularly when standing up quickly, due to their blood pressure-lowering effects.

C) Nonproductive cough:
A nonproductive cough is the most common and well-known side effect of ACE inhibitors. This occurs in some patients because of the accumulation of bradykinin, a substance that is normally broken down by the enzyme ACE. The buildup of bradykinin can lead to irritation in the airways, resulting in a dry, persistent cough. This side effect can be bothersome for patients and is one of the key reasons why ACE inhibitors might be switched to angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) if the cough becomes intolerable.

D) Chest pain:
While ACE inhibitors work to lower blood pressure and improve heart function, they do not commonly cause chest pain. If a patient experiences chest pain while taking an ACE inhibitor, it is more likely related to other underlying conditions (e.g., heart disease or angina) rather than the medication itself.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Given:

Volume of fluid: 50 mL (DSW)

Infusion time: 30 minutes

Drop factor: 10 gtt/mL

Formula:

Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume (mL) / Time (min)) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)

Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/min:

Infusion rate (mL/min) = Volume (mL) / Time (min)

Infusion rate (mL/min) = 50 mL / 30 min

Infusion rate (mL/min) = 1.67 mL/min

Step 2: Calculate the flow rate in gtt/min:

Flow rate (gtt/min) = Infusion rate (mL/min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL)

Flow rate (gtt/min) = 1.67 mL/min x 10 gtt/mL

Flow rate (gtt/min) = 16.7 gtt/min

Step 3: Round to the nearest whole number:

Flow rate (gtt/min) ≈ 17 gtt/min

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Given:

Desired dose of Vistaril: 15 mg

Concentration of Vistaril: 50 mg/mL

Step 1: Set up the proportion:

Desired dose (mg) / Volume to administer (mL) = Concentration (mg/mL)

Step 2: Substitute the values:

15 mg / Volume = 50 mg/mL

Step 3: Solve for the unknown volume:

Volume = 15 mg / 50 mg/mL

Step 4: Calculate the volume:

Volume = 0.3 mL

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