The nurse is conducting intake interviews of children at a city clinic. Which child is most susceptible to contracting lead poisoning?

An 8-year-old who lives in a housing project.

A 2-year-old who plays on aging outdoor playground equipment.

An adolescent who works part-time in a paint factory.

A 10-year-old who has Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: While living in older housing projects can pose a risk, the age of the child and their behaviors, such as hand-to-mouth activities, make younger children more susceptible.

Choice B reason: A 2-year-old is at the highest risk due to their developmental stage, which includes frequent hand-to-mouth activity and the likelihood of playing in soil or dust that may be contaminated with lead.

Choice C reason: Adolescents working in a paint factory may be exposed to lead; however, they are less likely to engage in hand-to-mouth behaviors that lead to ingestion, which is the primary route of lead poisoning in children.

Choice D reason: A 10-year-old with Type 1 diabetes mellitus does not have an increased risk of lead poisoning based on their condition alone.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is: c. Inspiratory and expiratory bilateral crackles.

Choice A: Average urine output of 28 mL/hour

Reason: The normal urine output for an adult is typically 0.5 mL/kg/hr, which translates to about 30-50 mL/hr for most adults. An average urine output of 28 mL/hour is slightly below this range, indicating possible inadequate fluid resuscitation. However, it is not immediately life-threatening and does not warrant the most urgent intervention compared to other options.

Choice B: Vesicular bibasilar breath sounds

Reason: Vesicular breath sounds are normal lung sounds heard over most of the lung fields. They are soft and low-pitched, indicating that the airways are clear. Therefore, vesicular bibasilar breath sounds do not indicate any immediate respiratory distress or fluid overload and do not require urgent intervention.

Choice C: Inspiratory and expiratory bilateral crackles

Reason: Crackles, also known as rales, are abnormal lung sounds that indicate the presence of fluid in the alveoli. Bilateral crackles heard during both inspiration and expiration suggest significant pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can be life-threatening and requires immediate intervention.

Choice D: Central venous pressure of 12 mm Hg

Reason: The normal range for central venous pressure (CVP) is 2-8 mm Hg. A CVP of 12 mm Hg is elevated, indicating possible fluid overload or heart failure. While this is concerning and requires monitoring, it is not as immediately critical as bilateral crackles, which directly affect oxygenation and respiratory function.

A. Advise the client to discuss the medication's side effects with the healthcare provider. B. Remind the client that feeling better indicates the therapeutic effect of the medication. C. Inform the client that gradual tapering is necessary to discontinue the medication. D. Assure the client that the medication's side effects will likely dissipate over time.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Discussing side effects with a healthcare provider is important, but it does not address the immediate concern of safely discontinuing the medication. The provider can adjust the treatment plan if side effects are intolerable.

Choice B reason: Reminding the client of the therapeutic effects is helpful for understanding the benefits of the medication, but it does not provide guidance on how to safely discontinue it.

Choice C reason: Gradual tapering is the recommended approach to discontinuing antidepressants to minimize the risk of withdrawal symptoms and ensure the stability of the client's mental health.

Choice D reason: While side effects may dissipate over time, this does not provide a solution for the client who wishes to stop the medication now. It is also not guaranteed that all side effects will diminish.

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The nurse is conducting intake interviews of children at a city clinic. Which child is most susceptible to contracting lead poisoning?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse is conducting intake interviews of children at a city clinic. Which child is most susceptible to contracting lead poisoning?