The nurse is caring for a patient with major bums Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) of 63%. The nurse understands that this patient is at the highest risk for the combination of which types of shock? (Select All that Apply.)
distributive shock
cardiogenic shock
obstructive shock
hypovolemic shock
neurogenic shock
Correct Answer : A,B
A. Distributive shock
Severe burns lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), causing massive vasodilation, similar to septic shock (a type of distributive shock).
D. Hypovolemic shock
Fluid loss from burns leads to hypovolemic shock, which is the most common type of shock seen in burn patients.
B. Cardiogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock is caused by heart failure and is not a primary concern in burn injuries.
C. Obstructive shock
Obstructive shock (e.g., tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade) does not occur in burn patients unless another condition is present.
E. Neurogenic shock
Neurogenic shock occurs from spinal cord injuries, not burns.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Laterally on the left side
Lateral positioning may not fully prevent contractures.
B. Supine with a pillow under the head
A pillow under the head can cause neck contractures.
C. Semi-Fowler’s without a pillow, right arm & hand elevated
Prevents contractures and promotes drainage of edema.
D. Prone without a pillow
Prone position increases discomfort and risk of respiratory complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Auscultate bowel sounds, record the findings, and obtain a 12-lead ECG
While auscultating bowel sounds can help assess for bowel injury and an ECG is useful for monitoring cardiac function, these interventions are not the priority. The client is in shock and requires immediate intervention to restore perfusion.
B. Initiate the standing prescription for Dopamine at 16 mcg/kg/minute
Dopamine can be used to support blood pressure in shock, but fluid resuscitation is the first-line intervention in hypovolemic shock. Vasopressors like dopamine are typically added after fluid resuscitation if hypotension persists.
C. Place soft restraints on the upper extremities and sedate as necessary
The client's restlessness is likely due to hypoxia and inadequate perfusion, not agitation. Restraints and sedation would delay critical interventions and could worsen hemodynamic instability.
D. Lower the head of the bed, obtain a pulse ox, and increase the rate of IV fluids
The client is in hypovolemic shock due to suspected internal bleeding. Lowering the head of the bed improves cerebral perfusion, increasing IV fluids restores intravascular volume, and checking pulse oximetry ensures adequate oxygenation. This is the priority action to stabilize the client.
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