The nurse is caring for a patient with a tumor of the bone who experiences a fracture. Which type of break is anticipated?

Greenstick

Stress

Avulsion

Pathological

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Greenstick: This type of fracture typically occurs in children where the bone bends and cracks, rather than breaking completely. It is not related to bone tumors.
B. Stress: Stress fractures are small cracks in the bone typically due to repetitive force or overuse, not due to underlying conditions like bone tumors.
C. Avulsion: This occurs when a fragment of bone is pulled away by a tendon or ligament due to a forceful contraction or injury, and is not typically associated with bone tumors.
D. Pathological: Pathological fractures occur in bones weakened by disease, such as bone tumors. These fractures happen with minimal or no trauma because the bone integrity is compromised by the tumor.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Computed tomography: CT angiography can visualize the arteries and detect blockages or narrowing, making it useful in diagnosing peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
B. Duplex ultrasound: This test combines traditional ultrasound with Doppler to assess blood flow and the structure of blood vessels, which is useful for diagnosing PAD by identifying areas of reduced blood flow or blockages.
C. Ankle-brachial index: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive test that compares the blood pressure in the ankle with the blood pressure in the arm to detect reduced blood flow in the legs, indicative of PAD.
D. Troponin T: Troponin T is a biomarker used to diagnose myocardial infarction (heart attack) and is not relevant for diagnosing PAD, which involves peripheral arteries.
E. Electrocardiogram: An electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the electrical activity of the heart and is used to diagnose cardiac issues, not peripheral artery disease.

A. "Smoking cessation is important because nicotine is a vasoconstrictor." B. "Adequate fluid intake is important to maintain blood pressure." C. Those most affected are middle-aged women after menopause." D. "A low-fat diet is required to reduce atherosclerosis in large arteries."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Smoking cessation is important because nicotine is a vasoconstrictor.": Buerger disease is strongly associated with tobacco use, and nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which exacerbates the condition. Smoking cessation is crucial in managing and preventing progression.
B. "Adequate fluid intake is important to maintain blood pressure.": While staying hydrated is generally important, it is not specifically related to the management of Buerger disease, which is more focused on vascular health and smoking cessation.
C. "Those most affected are middle-aged women after menopause.": Buerger disease predominantly affects young male smokers, not middle-aged women.
D. "A low-fat diet is required to reduce atherosclerosis in large arteries.": Buerger disease involves inflammation and thrombosis in small and medium-sized arteries and veins, not atherosclerosis in large arteries. Therefore, a low-fat diet, while beneficial for general cardiovascular health, is not specifically targeted for Buerger disease.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with a tumor of the bone who experiences a fracture. Which type of break is anticipated?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which tests can be used to assist in diagnosing a patient with peripheral arterial disease? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with Buerger disease. Which of the following statements by the patient would the nurse evaluate as indicating understanding about Buerger disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which statement best describes a strain?

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