The nurse is caring for a client with neurogenic diabetes insipidus and administers what drug to treat the condition.

Desmopressin.

Methylprednisolone.

Dexamethasone.

Physostigmine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Desmopressin Acetate - Amring Pharmaceuticals

Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption and decrease urine output. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by a deficiency of ADH due to damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Patients with this condition have excessive thirst and urination, dehydration, and low urine specific gravity.

Choice B. Methylprednisolone is wrong because it is a corticosteroid that suppresses inflammation and immune response.

It is not used to treat diabetes insipidus.

Choice C. Dexamethasone is wrong because it is also a corticosteroid that has similar effects as methylprednisolone.

It is not used to treat diabetes insipidus.

Choice D. Physostigmine is wrong because it is a cholinesterase inhibitor that increases the levels of acetylcholine in the body.

It is used to treat myasthenia gravis and anticholinergic poisoning.

It has no effect on diabetes insipidus.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Oxygen cannot diffuse rapidly across the membrane to tissues in the eye. This is because diabetic retinopathy is a condition that occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels that nourish the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. As a result, the retina becomes ischemic (lacking oxygen) and tries to grow new blood vessels that are fragile and leaky.

Choice A is wrong because inability of cells in the eye to reproduce is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy.

The retina has a high metabolic rate and needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to function properly.

Choice B is wrong because increase of aqueous humor in the eye is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy.

Aqueous humor is the clear fluid that fills the front part of the eye, not the retina.

An increase of aqueous humor can cause glaucoma, which is a different eye disorder that affects the optic nerve.

Choice C is wrong because decrease of nerve innervations throughout the eye is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy.

Nerve innervations are the connections between nerves and other tissues, such as muscles or glands.

Diabetic retinopathy affects the blood vessels, not the nerves, of the retina.

A. “Take 400 mg each day, at the same time each day.”. B. “Take 150 mg once a month on the same day of the month.”. C. “Take 70 mg once a week on the same day of the week.”. D. “Take 3 mg twice daily with food.”.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is the recommended dosage for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Choice B is wrong because 70 mg once a week is the dosage for alendronate (Fosamax), not ibandronate.

Choice C is wrong because 400 mg/d is the dosage for etidronate (Didronel), not ibandronate.

Choice D is wrong because ibandronate should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 60 minutes before food or drink.

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The nurse is caring for a client with neurogenic diabetes insipidus and administers what drug to treat the condition.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client, newly diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, asks what caused this disorder. What is the nurse’s best response?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching the client with a new prescription for ibandronate how to take the medication. Which instruction provided by the nurse is correct?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has responded poorly to conservative treatment for nausea and vomiting and has subsequently been prescribed dronabinol. In addition to monitoring the client’s nausea, the nurse should prioritize what assessment after administering the drug?

A client with a duodenal ulcer is receiving sucralfate for short-term treatment. What should the nurse advise the client to avoid?

A client with type 1 diabetes presents to the diabetes educator and asks about a change in insulin. The client’s occupation requires long international flights, and the client does not want to administer insulin on the plane. What kind of insulin would best meet this client’s needs?

The nurse should question an order for bismuth salts for a client with what condition?

The client is 34 years old and has recently started taking theophylline. The nurse knows that medication teaching has been successful when the client agrees to what activity?

For which client would the use of a phenothiazine most likely be contraindicated?

A nurse is providing client education to a client who has had corticosteroids prescribed. What drug should the nurse teach the client to avoid while taking the corticosteroids?

What statement by a client who is to take an antitussive with codeine indicates that the nurse’s teaching has been effective?