The nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic kidney disease. Which dietary restriction should the nurse emphasize?
Limit potassium-rich foods
Increase protein intake
Restrict carbohydrate consumption
Encourage high-sodium foods
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Limiting potassium-rich foods is critical in chronic kidney disease, as impaired renal excretion causes hyperkalemia, risking cardiac arrhythmias. Foods like bananas and oranges are restricted to maintain safe potassium levels, making this the priority dietary teaching to prevent life-threatening complications.
Choice B reason: Increasing protein intake is inappropriate, as chronic kidney disease requires protein restriction to reduce uremic toxins and kidney workload. Potassium restriction is prioritized, as hyperkalemia poses an immediate cardiac risk, making it the essential dietary focus over protein adjustments.
Choice C reason: Restricting carbohydrates is not standard in chronic kidney disease unless diabetes is present. Potassium restriction is critical, as elevated potassium levels from impaired renal clearance cause arrhythmias, making it the priority dietary intervention to ensure cardiac safety.
Choice D reason: Encouraging high-sodium foods is incorrect, as sodium restriction prevents fluid retention and hypertension in chronic kidney disease. Potassium restriction is the priority, as hyperkalemia directly threatens cardiac function, making it the essential dietary focus over sodium concerns.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Chest x-ray may show nonspecific findings in pulmonary embolism but is not diagnostic. D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, is highly sensitive for detecting thrombosis, guiding further imaging like CT pulmonary angiography, making it the priority test in suspected cases.
Choice B reason: Electrocardiogram may show tachycardia or right heart strain in pulmonary embolism but is nonspecific. D-dimer is a sensitive screening test, indicating clot presence, which prompts definitive imaging, making it the preferred initial diagnostic step in suspected pulmonary embolism.
Choice C reason: D-dimer blood test is the most sensitive screening tool for pulmonary embolism, detecting fibrin degradation from clots. Elevated levels prompt CT pulmonary angiography for confirmation, guiding urgent treatment to prevent further embolization, making it the critical test to anticipate.
Choice D reason: Arterial blood gas may reveal hypoxemia in pulmonary embolism but is nonspecific, as other conditions cause similar findings. D-dimer is more diagnostic, identifying clot presence, guiding imaging, and ensuring timely intervention, making it the priority test in suspected cases.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Assisting with mobility and fall prevention is critical in Parkinson’s disease, as bradykinesia and rigidity increase fall risk. Physical therapy and assistive devices enhance safety, reducing injury risk, making this the priority intervention to maintain functional independence and prevent fractures.
Choice B reason: High-protein meals may interfere with levodopa absorption in Parkinson’s, worsening symptoms. Mobility assistance is the priority, as falls are a leading cause of injury, requiring immediate intervention to ensure safety, making dietary protein secondary to physical support.
Choice C reason: Restricting fluid intake is inappropriate, as hydration prevents constipation in Parkinson’s. Mobility and fall prevention are critical, as motor symptoms increase injury risk. Assisting with mobility addresses the primary functional challenge, making fluid restriction irrelevant to priority care.
Choice D reason: Promoting social isolation worsens depression in Parkinson’s, a common comorbidity. Mobility assistance is the priority, as falls due to motor impairment are a significant risk, requiring immediate intervention to ensure safety, making social isolation counterproductive to care.
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