The nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which of the following relates to a high mortality rate for a client who has an SAH?

Poor functional ability

Rebleeding of the injury

Decreased cerebrospinal fluid

Use of nimodipine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Poor functional ability: While poor functional ability may impact the overall prognosis and quality of life for a client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), it is not directly associated with a high mortality rate. Functional ability can be improved with rehabilitation and supportive care.

B. Rebleeding of the injury: Rebleeding of the SAH is a significant risk factor associated with a high mortality rate. Rebleeding can lead to increased intracranial pressure, worsening neurological deficits, and even death. Preventing rebleeding is a critical aspect of managing SAH to improve outcomes.

C. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid: Decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may indicate conditions such as hydrocephalus, which can complicate the management of SAH. However, it is not directly associated with a high mortality rate compared to rebleeding.

D. Use of nimodipine: Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used in the management of SAH to prevent cerebral vasospasm, which can lead to ischemia and worsen outcomes. While nimodipine plays a role in improving outcomes by preventing vasospasm, its use is not directly associated with mortality rates.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Atrial fibrillation: Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm, absence of identifiable P waves, and irregular ventricular response. The heart rate in atrial fibrillation can be variable, and the absence of identifiable P waves indicates disorganized atrial electrical activity.

B. Sinus bradycardia: Sinus bradycardia is characterized by a regular rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute (bpm) and normal P waves preceding each QRS complex. In sinus bradycardia, the PR interval and QRS duration are typically within normal limits.

C. Supraventricular tachycardia: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is characterized by a regular rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 bpm. SVT typically presents with narrow QRS complexes and may or may not have discernible P waves.

D. First-degree heart block: First-degree heart block is characterized by a prolonged PR interval (>0.20 seconds) but maintains a regular rhythm with normal QRS duration. In first-degree heart block, P waves are typically identifiable, and the rhythm is not irregular.

A. Consume foods high in potassium B. Increase oral intake of water C. Avoid smoking tobacco products D. Limit alcohol to two drinks daily

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Consume foods high in potassium: Potassium deficiency can contribute to certain health issues, but it is not directly linked to hearing loss. However, maintaining a balanced diet rich in nutrients, including potassium, is important for overall health.

B. Increase oral intake of water: Hydration is essential for overall health, but increasing oral intake of water is not specifically associated with decreasing the risk of hearing loss. While staying hydrated is beneficial for various bodily functions, including maintaining proper ear function, it is not a direct preventive measure for hearing loss.

C. Avoid smoking tobacco products: Smoking tobacco products is a significant risk factor for developing hearing loss. Smoking can damage blood vessels and reduce blood flow to the inner ear, leading to hearing impairment. Therefore, advising clients to avoid smoking or quit smoking is an important lifestyle modification to decrease the risk of hearing loss.

D. Limit alcohol to two drinks daily: Excessive alcohol consumption can have detrimental effects on hearing health, including increasing the risk of hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Therefore, limiting alcohol intake is recommended to reduce the risk of developing hearing-related problems.

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The nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which of the following relates to a high mortality rate for a client who has an SAH?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about lifestyle modifications that could decrease risk factors for developing hearing loss. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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