The nurse is assessing the chest shape of a patient.
Which chest configuration describes a sunken in sternum and costal cartilage?

Elliptical chest.

Pectus excavatum.

Standard chest.

Barrel chest.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

An elliptical chest describes the typical shape of a healthy chest with a lateral dimension greater than the anteroposterior dimension. This shape allows for normal expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing. An elliptical chest does not indicate any deformity or abnormality in the sternum or costal cartilage.

Choice B rationale

Pectus excavatum, also known as funnel chest, is a congenital deformity where the sternum and costal cartilage are sunken inward, creating a concave appearance of the chest. This condition can range in severity and may affect respiratory function and exercise tolerance in some individuals. Surgical correction may be considered for severe cases.

Choice C rationale

A standard chest describes a chest without any deformities or abnormalities, typically with a normal elliptical shape. This term does not denote any specific condition or configuration and implies a healthy, non-deformed chest.

Choice D rationale

Barrel chest is characterized by an increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest, giving it a round or barrel-like appearance. This condition is often seen in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema, where the lungs are chronically overinflated, causing the chest to expand and lose its normal shape.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Lateralization to the unaffected ear in Weber's test actually indicates sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear. This choice is incorrect as it doesn’t describe the correct procedure for the test.

Choice B rationale

The Weber's test involves placing an activated tuning fork in the midline of the skull and asking the patient if the sound is heard more loudly in either ear. This helps determine if there is lateralization, which is key in diagnosing the type of hearing loss. Thus, this is the correct procedure for the test.

Choice C rationale

Placing the tuning fork on the mastoid bone and then over air is actually part of the Rinne test, not the Weber test. This choice is, therefore, incorrect for the Weber test.

Choice D rationale

Similar to Choice C, this process describes the Rinne test, which compares air conduction and bone conduction of sound. This is not the correct method for performing Weber’s test.

A. 2nd intercostal space. B. 3rd intercostal space. C. 2nd rib. D. 4th intercostal space.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The Angle of Louis, also known as the sternal angle, is located at the level of the 2nd intercostal space. It is a significant landmark in clinical examinations because it is used to locate important areas of the chest, such as the aortic and pulmonic areas, for auscultation.

Choice B rationale

The 3rd intercostal space is not the correct location for the Angle of Louis. The sternal angle is found at the level of the 2nd intercostal space, not the 3rd. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Choice C rationale

The 2nd rib attaches at the level of the Angle of Louis. The sternal angle is an anatomical landmark where the manubrium and the body of the sternum meet, and it corresponds with the attachment of the 2nd rib.

Choice D rationale

The 4th intercostal space is not the correct location for the Angle of Louis. The sternal angle is located at the 2nd intercostal space, not the 4th. Therefore, this option is incorrect. .

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The nurse is assessing the chest shape of a patient.Which chest configuration describes a sunken in sternum and costal cartilage?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse plans to assess the client's hearing.What action should the nurse take when performing the Weber's test?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During cardiac examination of a client, the nurse was demonstrating to the student nurse where to locate the Angle of Louis to listen to the Aortic and Pulmonic area on the chest.The nurse should locate the Angle of Louis at the level of what rib?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is assessing the chest shape of a patient.
Which chest configuration describes a sunken in sternum and costal cartilage?