The nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to experience?

Orthopnea

Bradycardia

Diaphoresis

Frequent coughing with yellow sputum

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Orthopnea is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, making it difficult for the client to breathe when lying flat. This results in orthopnea, where the client must sit up or use multiple pillows to breathe comfortably.
B. Bradycardia is incorrect. Heart failure typically leads to tachycardia due to the heart compensating for decreased cardiac output.
C. Diaphoresis is incorrect. While excessive sweating can occur in acute decompensated heart failure, it is not a hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure.
D. Frequent coughing with yellow sputum is incorrect. A client with left-sided heart failure may have a dry or frothy, pink-tinged cough, but yellow sputum suggests infection rather than heart failure.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep.
B. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels.
C. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition.
D. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.

A. Intermittent claudication with pallor B. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema C. Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn D. Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Intermittent claudication with pallor is typically associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD) rather than myocardial infarction.
B. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema are signs of right-sided heart failure, which may develop after an MI but are not classic acute MI symptoms.
C. Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn can sometimes be confused with MI symptoms, but heartburn alone is not diagnostic of an MI.
D. Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin are correct. These symptoms occur due to sympathetic nervous system activation in response to cardiac ischemia, leading to vasoconstriction, sweating, and signs of impending shock.

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The nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to experience?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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