The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Addison's disease for signs of hyperkalemia. What should the nurse observe with this electrolyte imbalance?

Prolonged bleeding

Dry mucous membrane

Peaked T-waves

Polyuria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Prolonged bleeding is not a direct indicator of hyperkalemia. It is more commonly associated with coagulation disorders or conditions affecting blood clotting.

Choice B reason: Dry mucous membranes are more indicative of dehydration rather than hyperkalemia. Dehydration can result from a variety of conditions but is not specific to high potassium levels.

Choice C reason: Peaked T-waves on an electrocardiogram (ECG) are a classic sign of hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels affect the cardiac conduction system, leading to characteristic changes in the ECG, such as tall, peaked T-waves, widened QRS complexes, and flattened P-waves.

Choice D reason: Polyuria (excessive urination) is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It is more commonly seen in conditions like diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: The statement "Use of eye drops will improve vision over time" is incorrect. Eye drops for glaucoma help to manage intraocular pressure but do not typically improve vision. They are used to prevent further vision loss.

Choice B reason: The statement "Double vision is a common symptom of glaucoma" is incorrect. Double vision is not a typical symptom of glaucoma. Glaucoma primarily affects peripheral vision.

Choice C reason: The statement "Without treatment, glaucoma can cause blindness" is accurate. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness if not treated properly. Managing intraocular pressure is crucial to prevent damage to the optic nerve.

Choice D reason: The statement "Glaucoma is caused by inadequate production of fluid within the eye" is incorrect. Glaucoma is usually caused by increased intraocular pressure due to inadequate drainage of the aqueous humor within the eye.

A. Dilated pupils B. Hyperactive bowel sounds C. Hyperglycemia D. Positive Chvostek's sign

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dilated pupils are not a clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia primarily affects the neuromuscular system, leading to symptoms such as muscle cramps and tetany. Pupillary changes are not commonly associated with low calcium levels.

Choice B reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with hypocalcemia. While hypocalcemia can lead to muscle spasms and cramps, it does not usually cause changes in gastrointestinal motility. Hyperactive bowel sounds may be related to other gastrointestinal disorders.

Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia is not a clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia affects calcium levels in the blood and neuromuscular function. Hyperglycemia is related to elevated blood sugar levels and is not directly connected to calcium metabolism.

Choice D reason: Positive Chvostek's sign is a clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia. This sign is elicited by tapping on the facial nerve, causing twitching of the facial muscles. It is an indication of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.

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The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Addison's disease for signs of hyperkalemia. What should the nurse observe with this electrolyte imbalance?

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