The nurse instructs a patient who has just been prescribed a protocol of fluoxetine HCI (Prozac) that the drug takes 2 to 4 ..................... to take effect.

A. Clarification is a crucial listening skill that involves asking questions or seeking additional information to ensure understanding. Avoiding clarification to prevent interruption can lead to misunderstandings and incomplete communication.
B. While it is important to be attentive and present during communication, taking notes can be necessary to document important information. The key is to balance note-taking with active listening. If done discreetly, note-taking should not significantly detract from the ability to engage in effective listening.
C. Finishing the client’s sentences can be perceived as interruptive and may come across as disrespectful or dismissive. It is important for the client to express their thoughts and feelings fully before the nurse responds.
D. Changing the environment to minimize distractions is a valuable listening skill. A quiet and comfortable setting can enhance effective communication by allowing the client to focus and express themselves without external interruptions. This helps ensure that the nurse can fully concentrate on the client’s message and respond appropriately.

A. Providing companionship can help reduce feelings of isolation and agitation that may be exacerbated by sundown syndrome. Presence and interaction with a supportive person can provide comfort, reassurance, and a sense of security, which may help manage anxiety and agitation during the late hours.
B. Engaging in stimulating activities in the late afternoon or evening can sometimes worsen symptoms of sundown syndrome. Instead, activities should be calming and relaxing as excessive stimulation can
increase agitation and confusion. It’s better to plan stimulating activities earlier in the day.
C. Maintaining a familiar routine helps provide structure and predictability, which can be comforting for individuals with dementia. Consistent routines can help reduce confusion and anxiety, especially during the times when sundown syndrome symptoms are most pronounced.
D. While reminding the client about bedtime may seem like a good strategy, it can sometimes lead to frustration or increased agitation if the client is not ready for sleep or is confused. It is generally more effective to create a calming environment and use soothing routines rather than directly reminding the client of bedtime.
E. Reducing environmental stimulation, such as minimizing noise, bright lights, and other distractions, can help create a calm and peaceful environment. This approach can help prevent overstimulation, which is known to exacerbate sundown syndrome symptoms.