The nurse explains to the client that intravenous fluid administration is used to:

correct an imbalance in fluids or electrolytes.

decrease intravascular volume.

increase third spacing of fluids.

administer enteral fluids.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. One of the primary reasons for administering IV fluids is to correct imbalances in fluid volume or electrolyte concentrations. Examples include correcting dehydration, restoring electrolyte levels (such as sodium, potassium), and addressing fluid losses due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating.

B. IV fluids are typically used to increase intravascular volume rather than decrease it. In conditions such as hypovolemia (low blood volume), IV fluids are administered to restore blood volume and improve circulation.

C. Third spacing refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces, which can occur in conditions like sepsis, burns, or trauma. IV fluids are not typically administered to increase third spacing; rather, treatment aims to redistribute fluids and improve fluid balance.

D. Enteral fluids are fluids administered directly into the gastrointestinal tract (via oral or tube feeding). IV fluids are administered directly into the bloodstream and are used when enteral administration is not feasible or sufficient.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. This response acknowledges the urgency of the situation and seeks clarification on the appropriate administration technique. It demonstrates readiness to follow through with the medical resident's directive while ensuring safe and effective administration.

A. This response reflects hesitation and a concern about administering a medication that the nurse did not prepare or is unfamiliar with. In a critical situation like a "code blue," timely administration of medications as directed by the medical team is crucial for patient outcomes.

C. Checking IV patency is important to ensure the medication can be administered properly. However, in a "code blue" situation where time is critical, this step might unnecessarily delay administration of the medication.

D. This response indicates willingness to follow the directive given by the medical resident. It also emphasizes the importance of documenting and obtaining proper orders after the immediate crisis has been addressed.

A. pH 7.45, PaCO2 35, HCO3 22 B. pH 7.25. PaCO2 61, HCO3 26 C. pH 7.23. PaCO2 27, HCO3 25 D. pH 7.54, PaCO2 59. HCO3 26

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. pH 7.25, PaCO2 61, HCO3 26

pH is decreased (acidosis).

PaCO2 is elevated (61 mmHg), indicating respiratory acidosis (increased CO2 retention). HCO3 is slightly elevated (26 mEq/L), compensating for the respiratory acidosis.

A. pH 7.45, PaCO2 35, HCO3 22

pH is within normal range (7.35-7.45).

PaCO2 is slightly lower than normal (35 mmHg), indicating mild respiratory alkalosis. HCO3 (bicarbonate) is within normal range (22 mEq/L).

C. pH 7.23, PaCO2 27, HCO3 25

pH is decreased (acidosis).

PaCO2 is lower than normal (27 mmHg), indicating respiratory alkalosis (which is unlikely in the context of morphine overdose with hypoventilation).

HCO3 is within normal range (25 mEq/L).

D. pH 7.54, PaCO2 59, HCO3 26

pH is increased (alkalosis).

PaCO2 is elevated (59 mmHg), indicating respiratory acidosis (consistent with hypoventilation). HCO3 is slightly elevated (26 mEq/L), compensating for the respiratory acidosis.

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The nurse explains to the client that intravenous fluid administration is used to:

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