The nurse discussing potential risk factors of infective endocarditis with a hospitalized client would include which of the following as a potential risk factor of this disease process?
Prosthetic cardiac valves
Sedentary lifestyle
Radiation exposure
Cardiac catheterization
The Correct Answer is A
A. The presence of prosthetic heart valves is a significant risk factor for infective endocarditis due to the increased likelihood of bacterial colonization.
B. Sedentary lifestyle is not a direct risk factor for infective endocarditis, though it may contribute to other cardiovascular issues.
C. Radiation exposure – While it may affect cardiac tissue, it is not considered a risk factor for infective endocarditis.
D. Cardiac catheterization – While it is an invasive procedure, it is not a major or common risk factor for infective endocarditis compared to prosthetic valves or structural heart defects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Fluid overload is associated with elevated CVP, not low CVP.
B. Left ventricular failure may eventually cause elevated pulmonary pressures and increased CVP, but a low CVP does not indicate left-sided failure.
C. Hypovolemia (low circulating blood volume) leads to a decreased central venous pressure (CVP) because there is less venous return to the heart. This is the most accurate interpretation of a low CVP reading.
D. An intracardiac shunt may affect circulation dynamics but is not a typical cause of isolated low CVP.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Airway: Ensure the airway is open.
B. Breathing: Provide rescue breaths if the person is not breathing.
C. Circulation: Begin chest compressions to maintain blood flow.
D. Defibrillation: Use an automated external defibrillator (AED) as soon as it's available, especially in cases of shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation.
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