The nurse discussing potential risk factors of infective endocarditis with a hospitalized client would include which of the following as a potential risk factor of this disease process?
Prosthetic cardiac valves
Sedentary lifestyle
Radiation exposure
Cardiac catheterization
The Correct Answer is A
A. The presence of prosthetic heart valves is a significant risk factor for infective endocarditis due to the increased likelihood of bacterial colonization.
B. Sedentary lifestyle is not a direct risk factor for infective endocarditis, though it may contribute to other cardiovascular issues.
C. Radiation exposure – While it may affect cardiac tissue, it is not considered a risk factor for infective endocarditis.
D. Cardiac catheterization – While it is an invasive procedure, it is not a major or common risk factor for infective endocarditis compared to prosthetic valves or structural heart defects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) is a classic sign of right ventricular failure due to systemic venous congestion.
B. A dry, hacking cough is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure and pulmonary congestion.
C. Crackles in the lungs result from fluid backing up into the lungs, a hallmark of left-sided heart failure, not right-sided.
D. Dizziness may occur in left-sided failure due to decreased cardiac output and poor cerebral perfusion, but it is not a key feature of right-sided failure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The view of the electrical current changes in relation to the lead placement – Each ECG lead offers a different angle or view of the heart's electrical activity, so the waveforms in leads I, II, and III naturally look different. This variation helps clinicians assess different parts of the heart.
B. Conduction of the heart differs with lead placement – The heart's electrical conduction system functions independently of lead placement; only the view of the conduction changes.
C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) equipment has malfunctioned – Lead differences are expected and normal; this is not a sign of malfunction.
D. The circadian rhythm has changed – Circadian rhythms affect general physiological patterns but do not cause variation in ECG lead appearance.
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