The nurse calculates the body mass index (BMI) for an adult client who is obese. Which additional assessment finding places the client at high risk for cardiac disease?

High serum insulin level.

Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds.

Poor muscle tone.

large waist circumference with central fat.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: While high serum insulin levels can be indicative of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, they are not as directly related to cardiac risk as large waist circumference.

Choice B reason: Hyperpigmentation on neck skin folds, also known as acanthosis nigricans, can indicate insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome but is not as strong a predictor of cardiac disease as central obesity.

Choice C reason: Poor muscle tone is not a direct indicator of cardiac disease risk. It can be associated with overall health and fitness but is not as specific a risk factor for cardiac disease.

Choice D reason: Large waist circumference with central fat, also known as abdominal obesity, is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Central fat is associated with increased risk of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, making it a significant indicator to monitor.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Carbidopa-levodopa does not primarily reduce the inflammatory process. Its main action is related to dopamine synthesis and availability.

Choice B reason: Carbidopa-levodopa does not slow scarring in the myelin sheath. This medication targets dopamine deficiency, not myelin health.

Choice C reason: Carbidopa-levodopa increases the amount of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is crucial for motor control. Parkinson's disease is characterized by dopamine deficiency, and this medication helps to replenish dopamine levels, improving muscle function and reducing symptoms like tremors and stiffness.

Choice D reason: Carbidopa-levodopa is not an antiseizure medication. It is specifically used to manage the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease by addressing dopamine deficiency.

A. Tachycardia. B. Edem of the ankles. C. Dyspneal. D. Unilateral diminished breath sounds.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, can be a symptom associated with COPD, especially during exacerbations or due to medication effects. However, it is not the primary symptom used to evaluate the effectiveness of COPD treatment.

Choice B reason: Edem of the ankles can occur in COPD patients due to right-sided heart failure (cur pulmonale) associated with chronic lung disease. While it is an important symptom to monitor, it is not the primary indicator of COPD treatment effectiveness.

Choice C reason: Dyspneal, or difficulty breathing, is the most significant and primary symptom of COPD. The primary goal of COPD treatment is to improve the client's breathing and reduce dyspneal. Assessing the client's level of breathlessness provides direct insight into how well the treatment is managing the condition.

Choice D reason: Unilateral diminished breath sounds can indicate localized issues such as pneumothorax or pleural effusion rather than the overall effectiveness of COPD treatment. Bilateral lung sounds and general respiratory status are more relevant to evaluating COPD management.

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The nurse calculates the body mass index (BMI) for an adult client who is obese. Which additional assessment finding places the client at high risk for cardiac disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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