The most important metabolic pathway of living organisms is photosynthesis because its products directly or indirectly affect most living organisms.

True or False?

Choice A rationale: Movement of water into the blood from the dialysis solution is incorrect because it is not the main goal of dialysis. Dialysis aims to remove excess water and solutes from the blood, not to add more water to it. The dialysis solution is usually isotonic to the blood, which means it has the same osmotic pressure and does not cause water movement.

Choice B rationale: Simple diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane is correct because it is the process of dialysis. Dialysis is the separation of small molecules from large molecules by using a membrane that allows only the small molecules to pass through. The dialysis membrane is semi-permeable, which means it is selective in what it allows to cross. The dialysis solution contains a lower concentration of wastes than the blood, which creates a concentration gradient that drives the diffusion of wastes from the blood to the solution.

Choice C rationale: Active transport across a semi-permeable membrane is incorrect because it is not involved in dialysis. Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, which requires energy and transport proteins. Active transport is not necessary for dialysis, since the concentration gradient is favorable for diffusion.

Choice D rationale: Active transport of glucose from the blood to the dialysis solution is incorrect because it is not beneficial for dialysis. Glucose is a vital nutrient for the body, and it should not be removed from the blood. The dialysis solution usually contains glucose to prevent its loss from the blood by diffusion.

Choice E rationale: Facilitated diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane is incorrect because it is not relevant for dialysis. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules across a membrane with the help of transport proteins. Facilitated diffusion is not needed for dialysis, since the wastes are small enough to cross the membrane by simple diffusion.

Choice A rationale: Locates the specimen is incorrect because the fine adjustment knob does not help to find the specimen on the slide, but rather to adjust the focus of the specimen. The fine adjustment knob is a small knob that is located on the side of the microscope, next to the coarse adjustment knob. The fine adjustment knob is used to make small changes in the distance between the objective lens and the specimen, which improves the sharpness of the image.

Choice B rationale: All of the answer choices are correct is incorrect because only one of the answer choices is correct. The fine adjustment knob only fine-tunes the focus of the specimen, not locates the specimen or the focus plane.

Choice C rationale: Locates the focus plane is incorrect because the fine adjustment knob does not help to find the focus plane, but rather to adjust the focus of the specimen. The focus plane is the plane that is perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope and passes through the focal point of the objective lens. The focus plane is where the specimen is in focus and the image is clear.

Choice D rationale: Fine-tunes the focus is correct because the fine adjustment knob is used to fine-tune the focus of the specimen, which means to make small adjustments in the focus to obtain the best image quality. The fine adjustment knob is used after the coarse adjustment knob, which is used to bring the specimen into approximate focus.