The least common cause of long. difficult, or abnormal labor (dystocia) is:

Midplane contracture of the pelvis

Disproportion of the pelvis.

Low-lying placenta

Compromised bearing-down efforts as a result of pain medication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Midplane contracture of the pelvis. Pelvic contractures can lead to dystocia by restricting the fetal head's descent. A midplane contracture narrows the pelvic midsection, making labor prolonged and difficult. This is a common cause of dystocia.

B. Disproportion of the pelvis. Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), where the fetal head is too large for the maternal pelvis, is a well-known cause of dystocia. It often results in prolonged labor, failure to progress, and the need for cesarean delivery.

C. Low-lying placenta. A low-lying placenta does not directly cause dystocia. Instead, it may lead to placenta previa, which often requires cesarean delivery before labor even begins. Since it does not typically cause prolonged or difficult labor, it is the least common cause of dystocia.

D. Compromised bearing-down efforts as a result of pain medication. Excessive pain medication, especially epidurals or narcotics, can weaken maternal pushing efforts, leading to prolonged second-stage labor. This is a recognized cause of dystocia, particularly in multiparous women.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Internal fetal monitoring. Internal fetal monitoring is contraindicated when placenta previa is suspected because it involves inserting a catheter or electrode into the uterus, which can increase the risk of hemorrhage if the placenta is covering the cervix.

B. Amniocentesis for fetal lung maturity. While fetal lung maturity assessment may be relevant if early delivery is being considered, it is not an immediate diagnostic procedure for evaluating the cause of vaginal bleeding. The priority is to determine placenta location and rule out placenta previa.

C. Contraction stress test. A contraction stress test evaluates fetal response to contractions but is not the appropriate initial diagnostic test in a patient with vaginal bleeding. Stimulating contractions could worsen bleeding if placenta previa or another placental abnormality is present.

D. Ultrasound for placenta location. The first-line diagnostic test for painless, bright red vaginal bleeding in the third trimester is an ultrasound. It helps determine whether the bleeding is due to placenta previa, a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, which requires careful management to prevent complications.

A. True B. False

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

While many women are able to get pregnant again after an ectopic pregnancy, it is not guaranteed. The ability to conceive again depends on various factors, such as:

The extent of damage to the fallopian tube.
Whether one or both tubes are still functional.
The treatment used (e.g., methotrexate vs. surgery).
Any underlying fertility issues.

It is important to be honest but reassuring, explaining that many women do go on to have healthy pregnancies, but future fertility can be affected and should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Saying she "absolutely will" get pregnant again is inaccurate and potentially misleading.

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The least common cause of long. difficult, or abnormal labor (dystocia) is:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 26-year old having her first baby is 28 weeks pregnant. She experiences bright red, painless vaginal bleeding, soaking one pad. Upon her arrival at the hospital, after placing her on the FHR Monitor, what would be an expected diagnostic procedure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A woman is admitted due to a suspected ectopic pregnancy. While explaining treatment the patient asks if she will be able to get pregnant again. You answer that she absolutely will get pregnant again. Is this the correct thing to say?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

For a woman at 42 weeks gestation, which finding would require more assessment by the nurse?

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With regard to systemic analgesics administered during labor, nurses should be aware that:

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