The health care provider has ordered a hypotonic intravenous (IV) solution to be administered. Which IV bag will the nurse prepare?

0.9% sodium chloride (NS)

0.45% sodium chloride (1/2 NS)

Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's (DSLR)

Lactated Ringer's (LR)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   0.9% sodium chloride, also known as Normal Saline, is an isotonic solution. It has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma, which means it does not change the cell's fluid volume but rather maintains it. It is not considered hypotonic.

B.   0.45% sodium chloride, commonly known as Half Normal Saline, is a hypotonic solution. It has a lower concentration of sodium chloride compared to the normal saline and is used to provide hydration and to help correct electrolyte imbalances by allowing water to move into the cells.
C.   Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's is not a hypotonic solution. It is actually a type of hypertonic solution. Initially, dextrose 5% is isotonic, but once the dextrose is metabolized, the solution becomes hypotonic due to the electrolyte content of Lactated Ringer’s. However, the classification is generally based on the solution before metabolism, and it is not commonly used as a hypotonic solution.
D.   Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic solution. It contains electrolytes in concentrations similar to those found in the body's plasma, and it is used to restore fluids and electrolytes. It does not have a hypotonic effect on cells.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Lubricating the suction catheter tip with sterile saline is generally not recommended. The catheter tip is usually not lubricated before suctioning. Instead, suctioning should be performed using a dry, sterile catheter to prevent introducing any substances into the airway that could cause irritation or infection.
B. Hyperoxygenating the patient with 100% oxygen before suctioning is a crucial step. This helps to prevent hypoxia during the suctioning procedure, as suctioning can temporarily reduce the oxygen levels in the blood. By providing 100% oxygen for 30 to 60 seconds, the nurse ensures that the patient has an adequate oxygen reserve and reduces the risk of oxygen desaturation during suctioning.
C. Performing chest physiotherapy is not a routine pre-suctioning action and is generally done as part of a separate management strategy for clearing secretions. Chest physiotherapy involves techniques such as percussion, vibration, and postural drainage to help mobilize secretions from the lungs.
D. Instilling normal saline into the airway before suctioning (known as “normal saline lavage”) is not recommended. This practice can actually cause harm, such as increasing the risk of infection, causing bronchospasm, and diluting secretions which may then become more difficult to suction.

A. Use petroleum-based ointments to moisturize lips. B. Choose a wool blanket when using oxygen. C. Store oxygen tanks upright. D. Keep oxygen tanks 4 feet away from an elect E. Peak T Wave on EKG

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Petroleum-based products should not be used in conjunction with oxygen therapy. They are flammable and can pose a fire hazard when used near oxygen. Instead, use water-based moisturizers to prevent dryness of the lips and skin.
B. Wool and other synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which is a fire hazard when using oxygen
therapy. It’s safer to use cotton blankets, as they are less likely to cause static buildup.
C. Oxygen tanks should be stored upright to prevent them from falling over and to ensure the regulator and valves are properly aligned. Storing tanks upright helps maintain stability and prevents accidental damage to the equipment.
D. While the recommendation to keep oxygen tanks away from electrical sources is important, the distance may vary based on specific guidelines. It is generally advised to keep oxygen tanks at least 5-10 feet away from electrical sources and heat sources to avoid any risk of ignition or fire.

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The health care provider has ordered a hypotonic intravenous (IV) solution to be administered. Which IV bag will the nurse prepare?

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