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The health care provider has ordered a hypotonic intravenous (IV) solution to be administered. Which IV bag will the nurse prepare?

A.

0.9% sodium chloride (NS)

B.

0.45% sodium chloride (1/2 NS)

C.

Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's (DSLR)

D.

Lactated Ringer's (LR)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.    0.9% sodium chloride, also known as Normal Saline, is an isotonic solution. It has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma, which means it does not change the cell's fluid volume but rather maintains it. It is not considered hypotonic.
 
B.    0.45% sodium chloride, commonly known as Half Normal Saline, is a hypotonic solution. It has a lower concentration of sodium chloride compared to the normal saline and is used to provide hydration and to help correct electrolyte imbalances by allowing water to move into the cells.
C.    Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's is not a hypotonic solution. It is actually a type of hypertonic solution. Initially, dextrose 5% is isotonic, but once the dextrose is metabolized, the solution becomes hypotonic due to the electrolyte content of Lactated Ringer’s. However, the classification is generally based on the solution before metabolism, and it is not commonly used as a hypotonic solution.
D.    Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic solution. It contains electrolytes in concentrations similar to those found in the body's plasma, and it is used to restore fluids and electrolytes. It does not have a hypotonic effect on cells.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This helps prevent air leaks and maintains the closed drainage system's function.
B. Looping the tubing on the client's is incorrect as it can lead to inaccurate drainage and measurement of the fluid.
C. Placing the drainage system above the level of the client's heart is incorrect as it can lead to inaccurate drainage and measurement of the fluid.
D. Routine stripping of the chest tube is also not recommended as it can cause trauma to the pleura and potentially lead to complications.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sodium bicarbonate is used to treat metabolic acidosis, not respiratory alkalosis. It helps to neutralize excess acid in the blood, which is not the issue in respiratory alkalosis where the problem is a deficit of CO₂, not an excess of acid.
B. Placing the head between the knees might help with dizziness or lightheadedness but does not address the underlying issue of hyperventilation or help with CO₂ retention.
C. Breathing into a paper bag can help the client re-breathe exhaled CO₂, which helps to correct the imbalance caused by hyperventilation. This method assists in raising CO₂ levels in the blood, which can help normalize the pH and alleviate symptoms of respiratory alkalosis.
D. Insulin is used to manage blood glucose levels in diabetes and is not relevant to the treatment of respiratory alkalosis.

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