The following newborns are three-hours old and are sleeping.
The registered nurse should notify the provider about which newborn?
The newborn with a red raised capillary hemangioma on the left forearm.
The newborn with a heart rate of 154 beats/minute.
The newborn with a respiratory rate of 72 breaths/minute.
The newborn with whitish, hardened nodules on the gums of the mouth.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
Choice A rationale
Difficulty feeding in infants can result from fatigue caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues due to heart failure. Feeding is a demanding activity that requires energy and coordination, making it an early symptom of cardiac compromise in pediatric patients.
Choice B rationale
Wheezes or rales are caused by pulmonary congestion or edema, which occur in heart failure due to increased pulmonary venous pressure. This congestion results in fluid accumulation in the alveoli, leading to abnormal breath sounds. These findings require prompt evaluation.
Choice C rationale
Edema in the feet and legs results from systemic venous congestion caused by right-sided heart failure. Increased hydrostatic pressure in peripheral veins leads to fluid leakage into interstitial spaces, causing swelling, especially in dependent areas.
Choice D rationale
Tachypnea occurs as a compensatory mechanism in heart failure. Poor cardiac output reduces oxygen delivery, triggering the respiratory center to increase the breathing rate to improve oxygen uptake and delivery. It is an early sign of cardiopulmonary compromise in children.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Thanking the nurse for information does not provide an actionable or measurable response to the safety plan. It signifies acknowledgment but does not demonstrate engagement or utilization of the resources provided. Effective evaluation involves observable actions that reflect the client's commitment to safety measures, such as storing or sharing resources.
Choice B rationale
Storing the crisis center number in their phone indicates the client values the provided resource and anticipates using it if necessary. It shows a proactive step in engaging with the safety plan and retaining information for future use. This measurable action demonstrates their awareness of the importance of having immediate access to help during emergencies.
Choice C rationale
The belief that their home will become safer due to the presence of a baby reflects denial or false optimism. It fails to address the inherent risks of intimate partner violence, which often escalate during stressful situations. A rational evaluation involves recognizing danger and taking steps to access resources for safety.
Choice D rationale
Choosing not to leave their home indicates resistance or inability to engage with the safety plan effectively. It reflects a lack of readiness to act on safety measures, making this response inappropriate as a measure of evaluating the safety plan. Behavioral change is necessary to ensure the client's well-being.
Correct Answer is ["C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Assessing the baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) over a 10-minute period ensures accurate measurement by capturing rate fluctuations due to fetal activity or maternal factors. This duration is a standardized method to establish a representative baseline. Variability is excluded during this time, focusing on a stable resting rate.
Choice B rationale
Baseline FHR can be obtained using ultrasound or auscultation, both being reliable non-invasive methods for assessing fetal well-being. These tools accurately detect cardiac activity and provide real-time data, allowing consistent monitoring during labor.
Choice C rationale
Baseline FHR cannot be obtained during contractions due to transient accelerations or decelerations caused by uterine compression. These changes do not represent the resting heart rate. Accurate baseline assessments require a period without uterine activity to avoid skewed results.
Choice D rationale
A normal FHR of 110-160 bpm indicates adequate oxygenation and neural regulation. This range reflects the fetal cardiovascular system's ability to adapt to in utero conditions. Values outside this range might suggest hypoxia, infection, or other abnormalities.
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