The clinic nurse prepares to perform a focused assessment on a client who is complaining of symptoms of a cold, a cough, and lung congestion. Which should the nurse include for this type of assessment? (Select all that apply)

Auscultating lung sounds

Obtaining the client’s temperature

Assessing the strength of peripheral pulses

Obtaining information about the client’s respirations

Asking the client about a family history of any illness or disease

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A. Auscultating lung sounds:

Auscultating lung sounds is essential to assess for any abnormal sounds such as wheezing, crackles, or diminished breath sounds, which can provide information about the extent and nature of lung congestion.

B. Obtaining the client’s temperature:

Obtaining the client's temperature is important to assess for the presence of fever, which is a common symptom associated with respiratory infections.

C. Assessing the strength of peripheral pulses:

Assessing peripheral pulses is not directly related to cold, cough, and lung congestion symptoms. This type of assessment is more relevant in cardiovascular or peripheral vascular assessments.

D. Obtaining information about the client’s respirations:

Assessing the rate, depth, and rhythm of respirations is crucial when dealing with respiratory symptoms. This information helps determine the severity and nature of the respiratory distress.

E. Asking the client about a family history of any illness or disease:

Family history is important for a comprehensive health assessment, but for the focused assessment of a cold, cough, and lung congestion, obtaining information about the current symptoms and associated factors takes precedence.

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Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

A. Place the client in semi-Fowler’s position:

While the semi-Fowler's position can be helpful in assessing respiratory function, it is not specifically required for measuring the respiratory rate. The key is to ensure the client is comfortable and able to breathe easily.

B. Have the client rest an arm across the abdomen:

Placing the arm across the abdomen is not a standard practice for measuring respiratory rate. The key is to allow the client to breathe naturally, and this position is not necessary for accurate measurement.

C. Observe one full respiratory cycle before counting the rate:

This ensures that the count is accurate and reflective of the client's typical breathing pattern.

D. Count the rate for 30 seconds if it is irregular:

When measuring the respiratory rate, it is generally recommended to count for a full minute to obtain an accurate representation of the client's breathing pattern. Counting for 30 seconds may underestimate or overestimate the rate, especially if the irregularity is not consistent.

E. Count and report any sighs the client demonstrates:

Sighs can be indicative of emotional or physiological stress, and noting them is important for a comprehensive respiratory assessment.

A. Wheezes B. Stridor C. Rhonchi D. Crackles

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Wheezes:

Wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds that occur during inspiration or expiration and are often associated with narrowed airways, such as in conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

B. Stridor:

Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound that is typically heard during inspiration and can be associated with upper airway obstruction, such as in croup or epiglottitis.

C. Rhonchi:

Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring or rattling sounds that can occur during inspiration or expiration. They are often associated with the presence of mucus or other airway obstruction and can be heard in conditions like bronchitis or pneumonia.

D. Crackles:

Crackles are bubbling, popping sounds heard during inspiration or expiration. They can be further classified as fine or coarse. Fine crackles are often associated with conditions like pulmonary fibrosis, while coarse crackles can be heard in conditions like congestive heart failure or pneumonia.

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The clinic nurse prepares to perform a focused assessment on a client who is complaining of symptoms of a cold, a cough, and lung congestion. Which should the nurse include for this type of assessment? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

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