Safe sex practices include avoiding the exchange of body fluids. The most essential component of counseling related to the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus is discussion of condom use. Nurses can help motivate clients to use condoms by initiating a discussion about which of the following?

Choice A reason: This is a correct statement, as the NST measures the fetal heart rate and its response to fetal movement. The nurse will place two belts around the client's abdomen, one to monitor the heart rate and one to monitor the contractions.

Choice B reason: This is a correct statement, as the NST usually takes 20 to 30 minutes to complete. The nurse will look for at least two accelerations of the fetal heart rate within a 20-minute period.

Choice C reason: This is a correct statement, as the NST is more likely to be reactive (normal) when the baby is active. The client may be asked to eat or drink something before the test to stimulate the baby's movement.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect statement, as the client does not have to lie on her back during the test. Lying on the back can compress the inferior vena cava and reduce the blood flow to the placenta. The client can lie on her side or sit in a reclining chair during the test.

Choice A reason: You can receive an influenza vaccination during pregnancy, as it is safe and recommended for pregnant women. The flu vaccine can protect you and your baby from serious complications of influenza, such as pneumonia, preterm labor, and low birth weight. The flu vaccine can also provide some immunity to your baby for the first few months of life. ¹

Choice B reason: You can receive the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy, as it is safe and recommended for pregnant women. The Tdap vaccine can protect you and your baby from tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough). Pertussis can be very dangerous for newborns, as it can cause severe coughing, breathing problems, and even death. The Tdap vaccine can also provide some immunity to your baby for the first few months of life.

Choice C reason: You should not receive a varicella vaccine before you deliver, as it is not recommended for pregnant women. The varicella vaccine can protect you and your baby from chickenpox, which can cause serious complications such as skin infections, pneumonia, and birth defects. However, the varicella vaccine is a live vaccine, which means it contains a weakened form of the virus that can cause infection in some people. Therefore, it is not safe for pregnant women or their babies.

Choice D reason: You should not receive the rubella vaccine while breastfeeding, as it is not recommended for breastfeeding women. The rubella vaccine can protect you and your baby from rubella, which can cause serious complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and birth defects. However, the rubella vaccine is a live vaccine, which means it contains a weakened form of the virus that can cause infection in some people. Therefore, it is not safe for breastfeeding women or their babies.