Patient Data

Exhibits

Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement(s) by selecting from the lists of options provided.

The nurse should expect for the insulin lispro to start working at

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and to peak at

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.

Choice A rationale: this is not an appropriate response because while it may reduce the intake of vitamin K, suddenly changing the client's diet drastically may not be necessary. It is essential for the healthcare provider to make any necessary adjustments to the medication based on the client's diet.

Choice B rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It interacts with vitamin K, which plays a crucial role in the blood clotting process. Leafy green vegetables are rich in vitamin K, and their consumption can affect the effectiveness of warfarin. The nurse should advise the client to inform her healthcare provider about her vegetarian diet and the regular consumption of leafy green vegetables. The healthcare provider will then be able to adjust the warfarin dosage accordingly to ensure that the client receives the appropriate and consistent level of anticoagulation.

Choice C rationale: while a vegetarian diet can be healthy, the specific concern here is the potential impact of vitamin K-rich foods on warfarin therapy. It's essential to address this potential interaction rather than focusing solely on the overall healthy lifestyle.

Choice D rationale: Consuming large amounts of leafy green vegetables and vitamin K-rich foods may actually reduce the effectiveness of warfarin, leading to a decreased ability to prevent blood clots. Therefore, it is crucial to consult with the healthcare provider to manage the dosage appropriately.

Choice A rationale: This instruction is not directly related to spironolactone use or hyperaldosteronism. Excessive bruising may be relevant in some situations but not specifically for this scenario.
Choice B rationale: While heart failure patients are often advised to reduce their sodium intake, the use of a salt substitute (potassium-based) would be contraindicated in this case due to the risk of hyperkalemia.
Choice C rationale: This instruction is not directly related to spironolactone use or
hyperaldosteronism. It may be relevant for sun protection, but it is not a priority in this context.
Choice D rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it helps the body retain potassium while excreting sodium and water. Since the client has heart failure (HF), there is a risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) associated with spironolactone use. To prevent this, the nurse should instruct the client to limit their intake of high-potassium foods, such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, spinach, and other potassium-rich foods.