Exhibits here

Review H and P.

What factors are important in determining the level of hypoxemia that the child may have experienced during the submersion? Select all that apply.

A) Correct- The duration of submersion is a critical factor in determining the potential level of hypoxemia. Prolonged submersion leads to a higher risk of severe hypoxia and its associated complications.
B) Incorrect- While water temperature can affect the body's response to submersion, it is not directly related to the level of hypoxemia. Hypoxemia primarily results from the lack of oxygen intake during submersion.
C) Correct- Witnessing the fall into the pool is important because immediate initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can improve the chances of a positive outcome. Bystander CPR can help maintain oxygenation and circulation until professional help arrives.
D) Correct- The oxygen concentration in the surrounding air is crucial for oxygen delivery to the body's tissues. In cases of submersion, the availability of oxygen in the air the child is breathing plays a role in determining the level of hypoxemia.
E) Incorrect- The weight of the child is not a significant factor in determining the level of hypoxemia during submersion. The primary determinants are factors like submersion duration, availability of oxygen, and prompt initiation of CPR.

The excoriated and red skin in the diaper area suggests the presence of diaper dermatitis, which is commonly caused by prolonged exposure to moisture and irritants such as urine and feces. Changing the diaper more frequently helps to minimize the exposure to these irritants and promotes better skin hygiene.

Asking the mother to decrease the infant's intake of fruits for 24 hours is not necessary unless there is evidence of diarrhea or specific dietary concerns. Fruits are generally a healthy part of an infant's diet and do not directly cause diaper dermatitis.

Encouraging the mother to apply lotion with each diaper change may not be recommended in this case, as lotions and creams can further trap moisture and exacerbate the condition. It is best to keep the area clean and dry.

Telling the mother to cleanse with soap and water at each diaper change may be too harsh for the infant's sensitive skin. Plain water or mild, fragrance-free wipes are typically sufficient for cleaning the diaper area. Soap can be drying and irritating to the skin, so it is generally not necessary unless there is a specific indication.