Patient Data

History and Physical

A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an acute asthma attack which began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions, pausing every few words to catch his breath. The client reports using a rescue inhaler three times, but he just could not catch his breath. The client reports that symptoms seem worse when outdoors and when exercising and that episodes like this make him extremely nervous. The client reports that it has been a couple of months since he had an asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed that his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
The nurse reviews the client's history of the presenting illness in the electronic medical record.

Click to highlight the two pieces of key subjective data which indicate the client is in need of health interventions.

The client reports using a rescue inhaler three times, but he just could not catch his breath

The client reports that symptoms seem worse when outdoors and when exercising

episodes like this make him extremely nervous

it has been a couple of months since he had an asthma attack

noticed that his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A"]

Subjective data refers to the symptoms reported by the client while objective data refers to the information collected on assessment of the client. During asthmatic attack, the client reports of shortness of breath, audible wheezing, inability to speak in complete sentences and a feeling of nervousness.

The use of a reliever without relief during an asthmatic attack indicates the severity of the attack. This requires intervention including the introduction of inhaled corticosteroids to reduce airway inflammation and remodeling.

The recurrence of symptoms on exposure to exercise requires the need for further advise to avoid triggers and recurrence of symptoms.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Inhaled short acting beta agonists can should be administered up to 3 times until there the obstruction in managed. In the event that the nebulization fails to relieve the respiratory distress, other treatment options such as magnesium sulphate can be used.

Oxygen flow should also be titrated appropriately to achieve the targeted SPO2 levels. However, changing the modality of oxygen delivery is not necessary at this part.

Continuous vital signs monitoring allows for timely interventions at all times to prevent respiratory failure. Although not a primary measure, raising the head of the bed can increase comfort reducing the work of breathing.

While incentive spirometry may have a role in the management of asthma in certain situations, such as during the recovery phase after an acute exacerbation or in individuals with chronic asthma who have reduced lung function, it is not typically used as a primary intervention during the acute phase of an asthma attack.

A. Hydromorphone. B. Morphine. C. Oxycodone. D. Fentanyl.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B Morphine is commonly administered to individuals experiencing chest pain associated with a suspected heart attack. It helps relieve pain and reduces anxiety, thereby improving the comfort
of the patient. Additionally, morphine has vasodilatory effects, which can help reduce the workload on the heart and improve blood flow to the myocardium.
Hydromorphone is a potent opioid analgesic similar to morphine. While it may provide pain relief, it is not typically the first-line choice for managing chest pain associated with a myocardial infarction.
C Oxycodone is another opioid analgesic used for pain relief, but it is not commonly used in the acute management of myocardial infarction. It may be considered for other types of pain management but is not the preferred choice in this scenario.
D Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic often used for pain management, including in emergency situations. While it may provide pain relief, morphine is preferred in the acute setting of a myocardial infarction due to its vasodilatory effects and established efficacy in managing cardiac-related chest pain.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Exhibits After administration of medication, the client remains short of breath. Wheezes are noted bilaterally. Oxygen saturation is 91% with supplemental oxygen. Which action(s) should the nurse take next? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A client presents to the emergency department reporting chest pain that is radiating to the left arm, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed by the healthcare provider?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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