Patient Data
Review of History, Physical, and Laboratory Results
Based on the findings, indicate whether each represents a modifiable risk factor, a non-modifiable risk factor, or is unrelated to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m²
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) of 43 mg/dL (1.11 mmol/L)
Sister with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Occupational fume exposure
Cannabis use
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"C"},"E":{"answers":"C"}}
Choice A Reason: A BMI of 28 kg/m² is considered overweight and is a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Weight loss through diet and exercise can reduce the risk.
Choice B Reason: An HDL level of 43 mg/dL (1.11 mmol/L) is slightly below the recommended range and is a modifiable risk factor. Increasing HDL can be achieved through lifestyle changes such as exercise and dietary adjustments.
Choice C Reason: Having a sister with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a non-modifiable risk factor as it is related to genetic predisposition.
Choice D Reason: Occupational fume exposure is generally considered unrelated to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Choice E Reason: Cannabis use is typically unrelated to type 2 diabetes mellitus, though research on its long-term metabolic effects is ongoing.
Normal Ranges:
- BMI: 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m² (normal)
- HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Greater than 45 mg/dL (Greater than 1.15 mmol/L)
- LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): Less than 130 mg/dL (Less than 3.4 mmol/L)
- Fasting Blood Glucose: 74 to 106 mg/dL (4.1 to 5.9 mmol/L)
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Obtaining a urine specimen is essential for analyzing possible infections or other abnormalities that could be causing urinary incontinence.
Choice B reason: While evaluating the client's response to bladder training is important, it is not the first step before diagnosing the cause of new-onset incontinence.
Choice C reason: Providing protective undergarments may help manage symptoms but does not address the underlying cause of the incontinence.
Choice D reason: Encouraging increased fluid intake could potentially exacerbate incontinence symptoms and is not a diagnostic intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A broad-spectrum antibiotic is not indicated for Addison's disease unless there is a concurrent bacterial infection.
Choice B reason: Regular insulin is used to lower blood glucose levels, which are not elevated in this case.
Choice C reason: Potassium chloride would not be prescribed as the potassium level is already high.
Choice D reason: Hydrocortisone is anticipated because it is a corticosteroid replacement therapy, which is essential for a patient with Addison's disease experiencing an adrenal crisis.
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