Patient Data

Exhibits

Based on the results of the echocardiogram, the physician has decided to repair the ventricular septal defect via cardiac catheterization. What should the nurse’s focused assessment include before the cardiac catheterization? Select all that apply.

Obtain a history of allergic reactions

Document lying, sitting, and standing blood pressures

Perform a mini mental exam on the child

Determine when the child last ate

Locate and mark the pedal pulses

Measure the child’s height and weight

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

Choice A reason: Obtaining a history of allergic reactions is crucial because the child will be exposed to various substances during cardiac catheterization, such as contrast dye, which could potentially cause an allergic reaction.
Choice B reason: Documenting lying, sitting, and standing blood pressures is important to assess for orthostatic hypotension, which could indicate volume depletion or cardiovascular problems that need to be addressed before the procedure.
Choice C reason: Performing a mini mental exam on the child is not typically part of the pre-procedure assessment for cardiac catheterization, especially given the young age of the child.
Choice D reason: Determining when the child last ate is essential because the child needs to have an empty stomach to reduce the risk of aspiration during sedation.
Choice E reason: Locating and marking the pedal pulses is important to establish baseline data so that post-procedure, any changes in the strength or presence of these pulses can be quickly identified, indicating potential complications.
Choice F reason: Measuring the child’s height and weight is generally part of a routine assessment but is not specifically focused on the pre-cardiac catheterization assessment unless dosing of medication or anesthesia is required based on weight.

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Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Choice A reason: No understanding.

While lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, they do not guarantee prevention. The client’s family history and current prediabetic fasting blood glucose level (122 mg/dL) indicate an increased risk. It’s important to understand that while risk can be minimized, it cannot be completely eliminated12.

Choice B reason:
People with diabetes or prediabetes can still consume sugar, but it should be in moderation and as part of a balanced diet. The DASH diet discussed with the client emphasizes portion control and a reduction in sugar intake, not complete elimination.

Choice C reason: No understanding

A single fasting blood glucose measurement below 100 mg/dL does not mean the client can revert to previous eating habits. Ongoing maintenance of a healthy diet and lifestyle is necessary to manage blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of diabetes.

Choice D reason: Understanding.

Lifestyle changes such as adopting the DASH diet and increasing physical activity can help manage weight, improve cholesterol levels, and lower the risk of chronic conditions like hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

Choice E reason: Understanding.

Increased thirst and urination are symptoms of high blood sugar levels. If the client experiences these symptoms, it would be prudent to check blood glucose levels to manage and monitor for diabetes.

A. Only select food items with no fat B. Take a cinnamon supplement C. Minimize the number of refined grains in the diet D. Eliminate sugary beverages and juices from the diet E. Double the usual amount of protein in the diet F. Increase the amount of dietary fiber

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Selecting only food items with no fat is not recommended because some fats, particularly unsaturated fats, are beneficial for health and should be included in a balanced diet.
Choice B Reason: Taking a cinnamon supplement may be beneficial as some studies suggest that cinnamon can help lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
Choice C Reason: Minimizing the number of refined grains in the diet is advised because refined grains can have a negative impact on blood sugar control and may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Choice D Reason: Eliminating sugary beverages and juices from the diet is beneficial as these can lead to spikes in blood sugar levels and contribute to weight gain, which is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
Choice E Reason: Doubling the usual amount of protein in the diet is not necessary and could lead to an excessive intake of calories. Protein should be consumed in moderation and as part of a balanced diet.
Choice F Reason: Increasing the amount of dietary fiber is recommended because fiber can help manage blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

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Patient Data Exhibits Based on the results of the echocardiogram, the physician has decided to repair the ventricular septal defect via cardiac catheterization. What should the nurse’s focused assessment include before the cardiac catheterization? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Exhibits Review H and P, nurse's note, and laboratory results. Click to mark whether the client statement indicates understanding no understanding of the education given.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Patient Data Exhibits Review H and P, nurse's note, and laboratory results. What other nutritional recommendation(s) would be helpful for this client in reducing risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

Patient Data Exhibits After the physician orders the echocardiogram, the nurse educates the parents about the procedure. For each statement below, indicate whether it shows understanding or a lack of understanding by the parents.

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Patient Data Exhibits Review of History, Physical, and Laboratory Results Based on the findings, indicate whether each represents a modifiable risk factor, a non-modifiable risk factor, or is unrelated to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Patient Data

Exhibits

Based on the results of the echocardiogram, the physician has decided to repair the ventricular septal defect via cardiac catheterization. What should the nurse’s focused assessment include before the cardiac catheterization? Select all that apply.