A client is diagnosed with active tuberculosis and is started on medications. The nurse is aware that which parameter best indicates that the prescribed therapy has been effective? The client has:

a negative sputum culture.

decreased hemoptysis.

an improved chest x-ray.

a decreased rate of coughing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason
A negative sputum culture is the most definitive indicator of the effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. When a patient with active TB starts on medication, the goal is to eliminate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria from the body. A sputum culture that turns from positive to negative signifies that the bacteria have been eradicated from the respiratory secretions, indicating successful treatment.

Choice B Reason
While decreased hemoptysis (coughing up blood) is a positive sign and indicates an improvement in the patient's condition, it is not the most reliable parameter for determining the effectiveness of TB therapy. Hemoptysis may decrease as the patient's overall condition improves, but it does not confirm the eradication of the TB bacteria.

Choice C Reason
An improved chest x-ray can show a reduction in the lesions caused by TB, which is a good sign of recovery. However, chest x-rays cannot confirm whether the TB bacteria have been completely eliminated. They are more of a supportive indicator rather than a definitive one.

Choice D Reason
A decreased rate of coughing is another sign that the patient is responding to treatment, as coughing is a primary symptom of TB. However, similar to hemoptysis and chest x-ray improvements, a decrease in coughing does not necessarily mean that the TB bacteria have been fully cleared from the body.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason
Hyperreflexia refers to an overactive or overresponsive reflexes, which is a neurological condition and not directly related to the behaviors described. It is typically seen in conditions affecting the central nervous system and is not characterized by the inability to wait turns or interrupting conversations.

Choice B Reason
Defiance implies a conscious choice to resist authority or rules, which may not necessarily be the case here. While children with behavioral issues may exhibit defiant behaviors, the symptoms described are more indicative of a lack of impulse control rather than a deliberate choice to defy.

Choice C Reason
Inattention is a component of several behavioral and cognitive disorders, including ADHD. However, the behaviors described—blurting out answers, inability to wait for turns, and interrupting others—are more specifically associated with impulsivity rather than inattention alone.

Choice D Reason
Impulsivity is the tendency to act on a whim, displaying behavior characterized by little or no forethought, reflection, or consideration of the consequences. The behaviors described—such as blurting out answers and interrupting others—are classic signs of impulsivity, which is often seen in conditions like ADHD.

A. Information about available community resources. B. When to return to the ED for follow-up care. C. Names and phone numbers of local attorneys who defend rape victims. D. The phone number of the battered women's shelter or safe house.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Providing information about available community resources is crucial for ongoing support and assistance. These resources can offer counseling, medical follow-up, legal advice, and other services that may be needed after such a traumatic event. Community resources play a vital role in the recovery process, offering a network of support and specialized services tailored to the needs of sexual assault survivors.

Choice B reason:
While it is important to know when to return to the ED for follow-up care, this is typically not the primary content of discharge instructions. Follow-up care is usually managed by primary care providers or specialists rather than the ED unless there are specific complications or concerns that need to be addressed immediately.

Choice C reason:
The names and phone numbers of local attorneys may be provided, but this is not standard for all discharge instructions. Legal support is important, but the immediate focus post-discharge is often on the survivor's physical and emotional well-being. Attorneys specializing in defending rape victims can be a part of the community resources provided to the survivor.

Choice D reason:
The phone number of a battered women's shelter or safe house may be included in discharge instructions, especially if there is an immediate need for safe accommodation. However, this is not the only resource that should be provided, and it is not specific to all cases of sexual assault.

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A client is diagnosed with active tuberculosis and is started on medications. The nurse is aware that which parameter best indicates that the prescribed therapy has been effective? The client has:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Assessment data for a 9-year-old reveals that she blurts out answers to questions before the question is completed, is unable to wait her turn, and persistently interrupts and intrudes in the conversations of others. The nurse would assess these behaviors as relating primarily to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

After examining and treating a client who has been raped, discharge instructions from the emergency department (ED) would include which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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