A nurse is planning care for a client in active labor whose fetus is in an occipital brow presentation. Which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate as a result of this fetal presentation?

The correct answer is B. Uteroplacental insufficiency.

A. Umbilical cord compression is more commonly associated with variable decelerations, not late decelerations. Variable decelerations are characterized by abrupt decreases and increases in the fetal heart rate.

B. Late decelerations are indicative of uteroplacental insufficiency.

Uteroplacental insufficiency refers to a decrease in blood flow and oxygen supply from the mother to the fetus. Late decelerations occur after the peak of the contraction and may suggest inadequate oxygenation to the fetus.

C. Fetal head compression is associated with early decelerations, not late decelerations. Early decelerations typically coincide with the contractions and are considered a normal response to head compression during contractions.

D. Maternal bradycardia is not typically associated with late decelerations. Late decelerations are primarily related to issues with oxygenation and blood flow to the fetus.

A. Decreased heart rate: This is not typically an indication of pain in a newborn. Pain can often lead to an increased heart rate as the body responds to stress or discomfort.

B. Chin quivering: This is a common sign of pain in newborns. When infants experience pain, they may exhibit facial expressions such as quivering of the chin, furrowing of the brow, or grimacing.

C. Pinpoint pupils: Pinpoint pupils are not a typical sign of pain in a newborn. This may be associated with certain medications or conditions affecting the nervous system, but it is not a direct indicator of pain.

D. Slowed respirations: While pain can sometimes cause changes in respiratory patterns, slowed respirations alone may not be a reliable indicator of pain in a newborn. Other signs, such as facial expressions or crying, are often more indicative of pain.