A client asks the nurse about a prescription for the antihistamine, diphenhydramine (Benadryl). The nurse should teach the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients who have a history of which condition?
Asthma
Hypertension
Glaucoma
Depression
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Asthma
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that can cause drying of the airways and thickening of bronchial secretions, which might exacerbate asthma symptoms. However, it is not strictly contraindicated in asthma patients. Instead, caution is advised, and it should be used under medical supervision if necessary.
Choice B reason: Hypertension
While diphenhydramine can cause mild increases in blood pressure due to its anticholinergic effects, it is not contraindicated in patients with hypertension. Patients with hypertension should use it cautiously and under medical advice, but it is not an absolute contraindication.
Choice C reason: Glaucoma
Diphenhydramine is contraindicated in patients with glaucoma, particularly closed-angle glaucoma. This is because diphenhydramine has anticholinergic properties that can increase intraocular pressure, potentially worsening the condition. Patients with glaucoma should avoid using diphenhydramine to prevent complications related to increased eye pressure.
Choice D reason: Depression
Diphenhydramine is not contraindicated in patients with depression. However, it can cause drowsiness and sedation, which might affect mood and energy levels. Patients with depression should use it cautiously and under medical supervision, but it is not an absolute contraindication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Use good body mechanics is correct. Good body mechanics involve using the body in an efficient and careful way to prevent injury. This includes bending at the knees instead of the waist, keeping the back straight, and using the legs to lift heavy objects. Proper body mechanics reduce the strain on the back and joints, preventing injuries.
Choice B Reason:
Maintain proper posture is also important but is part of using good body mechanics. Proper posture involves keeping the spine in a neutral position, avoiding slouching, and ensuring that the head is aligned with the spine. This helps distribute weight evenly and reduces the risk of injury.
Choice C Reason:
Use assistive devices is correct. Assistive devices such as transfer boards, mechanical lifts, and gait belts can help reduce the physical strain on nurses when moving or lifting patients. These devices are designed to make tasks safer and easier, thereby minimizing the risk of back and joint injuries.
Choice D Reason:
Stay physically fit is also important. Physical fitness helps maintain muscle strength, flexibility, and endurance, which are crucial for performing physically demanding tasks. Regular exercise can help prevent injuries by improving overall body mechanics and reducing fatigue.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Placing a surgical mask on the client during transport is not the primary precaution for C. difficile infections. C. difficile is primarily transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces and not through respiratory droplets. Therefore, while masks may be used for other infections, they are not the main precaution for C. difficile.
Choice B reason: Using gown and gloves when entering the room is essential for preventing the spread of C. difficile. This infection is highly contagious and can be transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces or feces. Gown and gloves provide a barrier that helps prevent the transmission of the bacteria to healthcare workers and other patients.
Choice C reason: Using an alcohol-based agent to perform hand hygiene is not effective against C. difficile spores. Hand washing with soap and water is recommended because it is more effective at removing the spores from the hands. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers do not kill C. difficile spores and should not be relied upon for hand hygiene in this context.
Choice D reason: Obtaining a blood specimen to test for C. difficile is not the standard diagnostic method. C. difficile infections are typically diagnosed through stool tests that detect the presence of the bacteria or its toxins. Blood tests are not used for diagnosing C. difficile infections.
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