The nurse is caring for a newborn requiring a life-saving blood transfusion. The parents are practicing Jehovah’s Witnesses and refuse the transfusion. Who would the nurse consult for assistance in this situation?

The family priest

Ethics committee

Joint Commission

The blood bank

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Consulting the family priest may provide spiritual support and guidance to the family, but it is not the most appropriate action for resolving a medical and ethical dilemma. The family priest may not have the necessary medical or ethical expertise to address the complexities of the situation

Choice B reason: The ethics committee is the appropriate body to consult in this situation. Ethics committees are composed of healthcare professionals, ethicists, and legal advisors who can provide guidance on complex ethical issues. They can help navigate the conflict between the parents’ religious beliefs and the medical necessity of the blood transfusion for the newborn. The committee can also ensure that the hospital’s actions align with legal and ethical standards.

Choice C reason: The Joint Commission is an accrediting body for healthcare organizations and does not provide direct assistance in individual patient care situations. While the Joint Commission sets standards for ethical practices, it is not involved in resolving specific ethical dilemmas at the patient level.

Choice D reason: The blood bank is responsible for the collection, testing, and distribution of blood products. While they can provide information about blood transfusions, they are not equipped to handle ethical conflicts related to the refusal of blood transfusions on religious grounds. The ethics committee is better suited for this role.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Positioning the collection device below the level of the chest is crucial to ensure proper drainage of air or fluid from the pleural space. This positioning uses gravity to facilitate drainage and prevent backflow into the pleural cavity, which could lead to complications such as pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The collection device should always be kept below the chest level to maintain effective drainage.

Choice B reason: Clamping the chest tube is generally not recommended unless specifically ordered by a physician or during certain procedures. Clamping can lead to a buildup of air or fluid in the pleural space, increasing the risk of tension pneumothorax. It is essential to keep the chest tube unclamped to allow continuous drainage and prevent complications.

Choice C reason: Applying an occlusive dressing over the chest tube site is necessary to prevent air from entering the pleural space and to secure the tube. However, this is not the primary action related to the positioning of the collection device. The occlusive dressing helps maintain the integrity of the chest tube insertion site and prevents infection.

Choice D reason: Emptying the chest tube collection chamber every shift is not a standard practice. The collection chamber should be monitored and emptied as needed based on the volume of drainage and the specific protocols of the healthcare facility. Regular monitoring is essential, but unnecessary emptying can disrupt the closed system and increase the risk of infection.

A. Metabolic Alkalosis B. Metabolic Acidosis C. Respiratory Alkalosis D. Respiratory Acidosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Metabolic Alkalosis is correct. The pH of 7.56 is above the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating alkalosis. The HCO3 level of 33 mEq/L is also above the normal range (22-28 mEq/L), which suggests a metabolic cause. In metabolic alkalosis, the body has an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of hydrogen ions.

Choice B Reason:

Metabolic Acidosis is incorrect. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH (below 7.35) and a low HCO3 level (below 22 mEq/L). The given values indicate alkalosis, not acidosis.

Choice C Reason:

Respiratory Alkalosis is incorrect. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH (above 7.45) and a low PaCO2 (below 35 mmHg). In this case, the PaCO2 is elevated (55 mmHg), which does not align with respiratory alkalosis.

Choice D Reason:

Respiratory Acidosis is incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (below 7.35) and a high PaCO2 (above 45 mmHg). While the PaCO2 is elevated, the pH indicates alkalosis, not acidosis.

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The nurse is caring for a newborn requiring a life-saving blood transfusion. The parents are practicing Jehovah’s Witnesses and refuse the transfusion. Who would the nurse consult for assistance in this situation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client. The nurse should recognize that the values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances? The values are: pH: 7.56 PaCO2: 55 mmHg HCO3: 33 mEq/L Normal ranges: pH: 7.35-7.45 PaCO2: 35-45 mmHg HCO3: 22-28 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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