Kübler-Ross defines five stages of psychosocial responses to dying and death. Which of the following statements is characteristic of the denial stage?
Just let me live to see my grandson born.
I've had a good life, and I can die in peace.
The doctors must have made a mistake.
Why did this happen to me? I have always exercised and am so angry.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C: "The doctors must have made a mistake." KüblerRoss defines five stages of psychosocial responses to dying and death: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Denial is the first stage, characterized by a refusal to accept the reality of the situation. In this stage, individuals may use defense mechanisms to cope with the overwhelming emotions associated with their diagnosis or prognosis. The statement "The doctors must have made a mistake" is an example of denial as the individual refuses to accept the diagnosis and instead attributes it to an error by medical professionals.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. The description of full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed muscle, tendon, and bone in the ulcer indicates a pressure ulcer that is categorized as stage IV. In this stage, the ulcer is characterized by fullthickness tissue loss, exposing muscle, bone, or tendons. Stage I (choice A) pressure injuries involve non-blanchable erythema of intact skin. Stage II (choice B) pressure injuries involve partial-thickness skin loss, which can involve the epidermis, dermis, or both. Stage III (choice C) pressure injuries involve fullthickness tissue loss, but not bone, tendon, or muscle. Therefore, based on the description provided, the pressure ulcer is categorized as stage IV.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, moisture in air passages. Crackles, also known as rales, are abnormal lung sounds that can indicate a buildup of fluid in the lungs. The moisture in the air passages causes the sound of air moving through fluid or mucus, leading to a crackling sound. Crackles can be heard in conditions such as pneumonia, heart failure, and pulmonary fibrosis.
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