Juan is reviewing the effects of neurotransmitter imbalances in mental health disorders. A decrease in which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with depression?
Serotonin.
Histamine.
Glutamate.
Norepinephrine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Reduced serotonin levels are strongly associated with depression, as serotonin regulates mood, sleep, and emotional stability. Many antidepressants, such as SSRIs, work by increasing serotonin availability in the brain, supporting its role in depression.
Choice B reason: Histamine is primarily involved in immune responses, wakefulness, and allergic reactions, not mood regulation. It is not commonly linked to depression, making it an incorrect choice.
Choice C reason: Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory. While imbalances may play a role in some psychiatric conditions, it is not the primary neurotransmitter associated with depression.
Choice D reason: Norepinephrine is involved in arousal and stress responses, and its dysregulation can contribute to depression. However, serotonin is more consistently and prominently linked to the pathophysiology of depression, making it the better choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Drooling is not a common side effect of amitriptyline; instead, dry mouth due to anticholinergic effects is more likely.
Choice B reason: Orthostatic hypotension is a well-documented adverse effect of amitriptyline, related to its action on the autonomic nervous system. Nurses should closely monitor for dizziness, falls, or fainting.
Choice C reason: Diarrhea is not a typical adverse effect of amitriptyline; constipation is more commonly seen because of anticholinergic properties.
Choice D reason: Metallic taste in the mouth is not a notable adverse effect of amitriptyline and is more often associated with other medications such as certain antibiotics.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:Informing the family without addressing the client’s emotional concern misses the opportunity to explore their feelings. This response does not directly respond to the client’s expressed fear about their mother’s death.
Choice B reason:Promising to call the family in time assumes the client’s primary concern is family presence, which may not address the underlying fear of dying alone. It also risks making a promise that may not be feasible.
Choice C reason:Ensuring a staff member’s constant presence is supportive but does not directly address the client’s stated concern about their mother’s death or explore their emotional needs, making it less therapeutic.
Choice D reason:Acknowledging the client’s potential fear of dying alone directly addresses the emotional content of their statement. This therapeutic response encourages the client to express their fears, fostering emotional support and understanding.
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