In which of the following locations does chemical breakdown of protein begin?
Kidneys
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
The Correct Answer is C
A. The kidneys do not play a role in the chemical breakdown of protein. Their primary function is filtration and regulation of blood composition.
B. The mouth is where mechanical digestion (chewing) occurs, but chemical digestion of proteins does not begin there. Enzymes like amylase break down carbohydrates, not proteins.
C. The stomach is where protein digestion begins. The enzyme pepsin, activated by stomach acid (HCl), starts breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. This is the correct answer.
D. The small intestine continues the digestion of proteins, but the initial breakdown occurs in the stomach. The pancreas also releases digestive enzymes, including trypsin, to further digest proteins in the small intestine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Air entering the pleural space (such as in a pneumothorax) does not increase the vital capacity; rather, it reduces lung expansion and can decrease lung volumes.
B. Air in the pleural space does not increase the residual capacity. It may interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs and reduce the effective air exchange.
C. The pleural space is between the lung and the chest wall. When air enters this space (pneumothorax), it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse due to loss of the negative pressure that holds the lung expanded. It does not compress the chest wall.
D. When air enters the pleural space, it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse, as the air disrupts the negative pressure in the pleural cavity that keeps the lungs inflated. This results in a condition known as pneumothorax.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including emotional regulation, problem-solving, decision-making, and controlling emotional responses. A frontal-lobe injury can impair emotional stability, making it difficult for the individual to manage emotions appropriately. This is the correct answer.
B. Speech comprehension is primarily associated with the temporal lobe, particularly in areas like Wernicke’s area, not the frontal lobe.
C. Vision is processed in the occipital lobe, so a frontal-lobe injury would not typically affect vision.
D. Swallowing involves motor control that is often linked to the brainstem, not the frontal lobe.
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