How is the "client" most accurately described in Johnson's Behavioral System Model?

The document will name a durable power of attorney for health care (DPOAHC), who will make all medical decisions for the client, regardless of the client's mental status: This statement is partially correct. Advanced directives may include naming a healthcare proxy or DPOAHC, but their decisions are typically in line with the client's expressed wishes, especially if those wishes are documented in the advanced directive.

The document means nothing to the nurse because the attending physician will decide the client's care: This statement is incorrect. Advanced directives are legally binding documents that guide medical decisions when the client is unable to communicate or make decisions.

The document is a tool for client self-determination. It allows the client to express their desire for life-sustaining care when they are incapacitated: This statement is true. Advanced directives empower clients to make decisions about their healthcare preferences, including the desire for life-sustaining measures, in the event they become unable to communicate their wishes.

The nurse may assume the client is dying, and he or she will not call a "Rapid Response" or "Code Blue" if the client's status deteriorates: This statement is incorrect. The nurse should always follow appropriate protocols and initiate necessary interventions regardless of the presence of advanced directives, especially if the client's condition deteriorates.

A) The client's spouse: This choice suggests that the client's spouse has the authority to give permission for a DNR order. In most cases, it is the competent client themselves who has the authority to make decisions about their own medical treatment, including DNR orders. Spouses may have a say and their input is considered, but the ultimate decision typically lies with the competent client.

B) The client's only child: This choice suggests that the client's only child can give permission for a DNR order. Similar to the explanation for choice A, the decision-making authority for a DNR order generally rests with the competent client, not their child. However, a client may choose to discuss their medical decisions with their child and take their wishes into consideration.

C) The client: This choice correctly identifies that the competent client themselves is the one who typically has the legal and ethical authority to make decisions about their medical treatment, including DNR orders. This is based on principles of autonomy and respect for the individual's wishes.

D) Any close blood-related relative: This choice suggests that any close blood-related relative has the authority to give permission for a DNR order. Similar to choices A and B, the decision-making authority is typically with the competent client. While family members' input is valuable and should be considered, they do not have the ultimate decision-making power for the client's medical treatment.