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Exhibits

Select two conditions and two client finding to fill in each blank in the sentence. Separate using a comma.

The client has
dropdown
, which can cause
dropdown
such as airway obstruction, bronchospasm, and pulmonary edema. The client also has
dropdown
, which can lead to
dropdown
such as hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C","dropdown-group-3":"D","dropdown-group-4":"A"}

The client has inhaled smoke, which can cause respiratory problems such as airway obstruction, bronchospasm, and pulmonary edema. The client also has initial fluid shifts, which can lead to electrolyte imbalance such as hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis.

Choice A: inhaled smoke - respiratory problems

This is a correct choice. Inhaled smoke can damage the respiratory system by causing inflammation, edema, and carbon monoxide poisoning.

Choice B: initial fluid shifts - electrolyte imbalance

This is a correct choice. Initial fluid shifts occur when fluid moves from the intravascular space to the interstitial space due to increased capillary permeability. This can result in electrolyte imbalance such as low sodium, high potassium, and low bicarbonate levels.

Choice C: increased cardiac output - high blood sodium levels

This is an incorrect choice. Increased cardiac output is not a condition that occurs in burn patients. High blood sodium levels are not a common finding in burn patients either. High blood sodium levels can occur due to dehydration or excessive sodium intake.

Choice D: decreased catecholamines - hypometabolism

This is an incorrect choice. Decreased catecholamines are not a finding in burn patients. Catecholamines are hormones that increase heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolism in response to stress. Burn patients have increased catecholamines due to pain and tissue injury. Hypometabolism is also not a condition that occurs in burn patients. Hypometabolism is a state of low metabolic rate that can occur due to starvation, hypothyroidism, or hypothermia. Burn patients have increased metabolism due to increased energy demands for wound healing and thermoregulation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because sleeping with the head ofthe bed flat can worsen OSA by allowing gravity to pull down on the soft tissues ofthe throat and obstructing airflow.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because taking sedatives prior to sleep can also worsen OSA by relaxing the muscles ofthe upper airway and increasing airway collapse.

Choice C reason: This is correct because beginning a weight loss program can help reduce OSA by decreasing fat deposits around the neck and chest that can compress and narrow the airway.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because drinking 1to 2 glasses of wine at bedtime can have similar effects as sedatives, such as relaxing the muscles ofthe upper airway and impairing the respiratory drive.

A. Fasting blood sugar of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L). B. Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c of 8%. C. Blood urea nitrogen of 22 mg/dL (7.9 mmol/L). D. Serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL (169 umol/L).

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fasting blood sugar of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) indicates hyperglycemia, which is a high level of glucose in the blood. It can be caused by diabetes mellitus, stress, infection, or medication. Hyperglycemia can cause symptoms such as thirst, hunger, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. However, it does not affect the safety or accuracy of MRI with contrast.

Choice B reason: Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c of 8% indicates poor glycemic control over the past three months. It can be caused by diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, or hemoglobinopathy. Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c reflects the average blood glucose level over the lifespan of red blood cells, which is about 120 days. However, it does not affect the safety or accuracy of MRI with contrast.

Choice C reason: Blood urea nitrogen of 22 mg/dL (7.9 mmol/L) indicates mild azotemia, which is a high level of nitrogenous waste products in the blood. It can be caused by dehydration, high protein intake, gastrointestinal bleeding, or kidney impairment. Azotemia can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, confusion, and lethargy. However, it does not affect the safety or accuracy of MRI with contrast.

Choice D reason: Serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL (169 umol/L) indicates moderate renal insufficiency, which is a reduced ability of the kidneys to filter and excrete waste products and fluids from the body. It can be caused by diabetes mellitus, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, or nephrotoxic drugs. Renal insufficiency can cause symptoms such as edema, anemia, electrolyte imbalance, and acidosis. It can also increase the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy, which is a sudden deterioration of kidney function after exposure to contrast media used for imaging studies such as MRI. Contrast-induced nephropathy can lead to acute kidney injury, dialysis requirement, or even death. Therefore, serum creatinine should be reported to the healthcare provider before MRI with contrast to assess the risk and benefit of the procedure and to take preventive measures such as hydration, medication adjustment, or alternative imaging modalities.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) calls the clinic to report difficulty wearing the continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) mask because it is uncomfortable. The client asks the nurse for an alternative way to manage sleep apnea. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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