Given the patient’s history and physical assessment findings, what is the most probable condition the patient has, and what could it be related to?
Asthma related to environmental factors
COPD related to smoking
Pneumonia related to bacterial infection
Tuberculosis related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The patient’s history of asthma, previous hospitalizations for asthma-related symptoms, and the current presentation of difficulty breathing and wheezing suggest that she is likely experiencing an asthma exacerbation related to environmental factors. Asthma is a chronic condition that can cause symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which the patient is currently experiencing. Environmental factors such as allergens, air pollution, and changes in weather can trigger asthma symptoms.
Choice B rationale
While smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, the patient denies smoking. Additionally, COPD is more common in older adults, and the patient is only 22 years old. Therefore, it is less likely that her symptoms are due to COPD.
Choice C rationale
Pneumonia is typically associated with additional symptoms such as fever, cough with phlegm, and chest pain. The patient’s symptoms do not align with a typical presentation of pneumonia.
Choice D rationale
Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that typically presents with a chronic cough, weight loss, and night sweats. The patient’s symptoms do not align with a typical presentation of tuberculosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased BUN and serum creatinine are not typically symptoms of mononucleosis. These laboratory findings are more commonly associated with kidney dysfunction.
Choice B rationale
Ear pain and fever can be symptoms of many illnesses, including mononucleosis. However, they are not the most specific symptoms of this condition.
Choice C rationale
A positive Epstein-Barr virus test and malaise are common symptoms of mononucleosis. The Epstein-Barr virus is the most common cause of mononucleosis.
Choice D rationale
Elevated WBC and sedimentation rate can be seen in many inflammatory or infectious conditions, including mononucleosis. However, they are not the most specific symptoms of this condition.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The statement “This diagnosis means that I am crazy” requires follow-up teaching by the nurse. Mental health conditions do not equate to being “crazy”. It’s important to educate the client about the nature of their diagnosis and dispel any misconceptions.
Choice B rationale
The statement “Many people have the same response to a stressful situation as I am having right now” does not require follow-up teaching. It shows that the client understands that their reaction to stress is not uncommon.
Choice C rationale
The statement “I will probably need to be on medication for the rest of my life” requires follow-up teaching. While some conditions do require long-term medication, it’s not a certainty for all conditions. The duration of treatment can vary based on the individual’s response and the nature of their condition.
Choice D rationale
The statement “I can use holistic approaches like meditation to help my symptoms” does not require follow-up teaching. It shows that the client is open to using non-pharmacological methods to manage their symptoms, which can be a beneficial part of a comprehensive treatment plan.
Choice E rationale
The statement “I am at high risk for post-traumatic stress disorder because I have acute stress disorder” does not require follow-up teaching. It’s accurate that individuals with acute stress disorder are at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder.
Choice F rationale
The statement “I can learn to manage my thoughts better through therapy” does not require follow-up teaching. It shows that the client understands the benefits of therapy in managing their condition.
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