For the past six hours, a postoperative male client has refused pain medication because he believed that he could "tough it out." When an opioid analgesic is administered, the client has difficulty obtaining a satisfactory level of comfort.

Which action is best for the practical nurse (PN) to use in assisting this client to deal with his pain?

The correct answer is choice C. Suction the oral and nasal passages.

Choice A rationale:

Turning the infant onto the right side may not be the most appropriate intervention for cyanosis caused by regurgitation. Cyanosis signifies a lack of oxygen, and simply changing the infant's position might not address the underlying issue.

Choice B rationale:

Giving oxygen by positive pressure is not the immediate intervention needed for regurgitation-induced cyanosis. While administering oxygen is important, the first step should involve clearing the airway to ensure proper oxygenation.

Choice C rationale:

Suctioning the oral and nasal passages is crucial in this situation as the cyanosis is likely due to the infant's airway being obstructed by regurgitated material. Clearing the airway can restore normal breathing and oxygenation.

Choice D rationale:

Stimulating the infant to cry is not the appropriate action when cyanosis is present. Cyanosis indicates a serious problem with oxygenation, and crying may worsen the situation by further compromising the infant's breathing.

The correct answer is Choice C:

Suggest that an increase in fruits and vegetables is more beneficial.

Choice C rationale:

While dairy products do provide essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D, there is no strong evidence to suggest that increasing dairy intake alone will significantly reduce the risk of cancer. On the other hand, fruits and vegetables are known to be rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals that have been associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Therefore, suggesting an increase in fruits and vegetables is a more evidence-based approach to reducing cancer risk.

Choice A rationale:

Encouraging exercise is a good recommendation for overall health, but it does not directly address the client's concern about reducing cancer risk. Focusing on a balanced diet, including plenty of fruits and vegetables, is more relevant to the client's specific concern.

Choice B rationale:

Reminding the client about Vitamin D-fortified dairy products may be helpful for addressing Vitamin D intake, but it doesn't necessarily address the broader concern of reducing cancer risk. Moreover, the link between dairy and cancer risk reduction is not as well-established as the benefits of fruits and vegetables.

Choice D rationale:

Providing information about cancer warning signs is important for cancer awareness but doesn't address the client's current dietary choices and concerns about cancer prevention. The focus should be on evidence-based dietary recommendations to reduce cancer risk.