Diltiazem (Cardizem) has been prescribed for a patient newly diagnosed with Prinzmetal’s (variant) angina. What accurate action of diltiazem should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

It increases the contractile force of the heart.

It reduces heart palpitations.

It decreases coronary artery spasms.

It prevents the formation of plaque in the coronary arteries.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Diltiazem does not increase the contractile force of the heart. In fact, it is classified as a negative inotrope, meaning it decreases the force of heart contractions.
Choice B rationale
While diltiazem can affect heart rhythm, it does not specifically reduce heart palpitations. Its primary effect is to slow the heart rate and relax the blood vessels.
Choice C rationale
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to manage cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, chronic stable angina, atrial fibrillation, and Prinzmetal’s angina. It works by inhibiting the calcium influx into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle during depolarization. This results in vasodilation, or the widening of blood vessels, which can help decrease coronary artery spasms, a characteristic feature of Prinzmetal’s angina.
Choice D rationale
Diltiazem does not prevent the formation of plaque in the coronary arteries. It primarily acts to relax the blood vessels and slow the heart rate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Keeping hands warm and wearing gloves when handling cold objects is one of the most effective ways to manage Raynaud’s disease. Cold temperatures can trigger Raynaud’s attacks, which can cause the fingers to turn white, then blue, and feel cold and numb.
Choice B rationale
While avoiding standing for prolonged periods can be beneficial for certain conditions, it is not specifically related to managing Raynaud’s disease.
Choice C rationale
Regular exercise can help improve circulation, which can be beneficial for people with Raynaud’s disease. However, it’s not as crucial as keeping the hands warm.
Choice D rationale
Regularly returning to the clinic for blood pressure checks is not specifically related to managing Raynaud’s disease. While it’s important for individuals with certain conditions, such as hypertension, to regularly monitor their blood pressure, it’s not a key aspect of managing Raynaud’s disease.

A. Iron supplement for anemia. B. Furosemide (Lasix) for fluid retention. C. Simvastatin (Zocor) for cholesterol control. D. Yaz (drospirenone/estradiol) as an oral contraceptive.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Iron supplements for anemia do not typically interact with warfarin (Coumadin). Iron is a mineral that is essential for the production of red blood cells, and supplements are often prescribed to patients with anemia to increase their iron levels. While it’s important for healthcare providers to be aware of all medications and supplements a patient is taking, iron supplements are not known to diminish the effects of warfarin.
Choice B rationale
Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic medication used to treat fluid retention. It works by causing the kidneys to get rid of unneeded water and salt from the body into the urine. While furosemide can interact with other medications, it is not known to diminish the effects of warfarin.
Choice C rationale
Simvastatin (Zocor) is a medication used to control cholesterol levels. It works by slowing the production of cholesterol in the body to decrease the amount of cholesterol that may build up on the walls of the arteries and block blood flow to the heart, brain, and other parts of the body. Simvastatin does not typically interact with warfarin to diminish its effects.
Choice D rationale
Yaz (drospirenone/estradiol) is an oral contraceptive that contains estrogen. Estrogen can potentially increase the effects of warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, if a patient taking warfarin also takes Yaz, it could potentially diminish the effects of warfarin, making it less effective. This is why it’s important for healthcare providers to be aware of all medications a patient is taking, including oral contraceptives.

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Diltiazem (Cardizem) has been prescribed for a patient newly diagnosed with Prinzmetal’s (variant) angina. What accurate action of diltiazem should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A woman has recently been diagnosed with Raynaud’s disease. What important information should the nurse provide to this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which medication, when noted in a patient’s history, will diminish the effects of Warfarin (Coumadin)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

What nursing assessment finding would suggest inadequate renal perfusion in a patient being stabilized after an acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction)?

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