Complete the following sentence: Given the patient’s symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue, the nurse anticipates the primary care provider may increase the dose of (medication class) to help reduce fluid overload.

Beta blockers

Diuretics

Ace Inhibitors

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Beta blockers like metoprolol reduce heart rate and demand, improving heart failure long-term. They don’t directly reduce fluid overload causing dyspnea and fatigue, focusing instead on cardiac remodeling, not acute volume relief.

Choice B reason: Diuretics like furosemide increase urine output, reducing fluid overload in heart failure. They directly relieve dyspnea and fatigue by lowering preload and pulmonary congestion, the most effective class for these symptoms.

Choice C reason: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril ease vascular resistance, aiding heart failure. They reduce fluid indirectly via aldosterone suppression, but diuretics act faster on acute overload, making them secondary for immediate symptom relief.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) fits symptoms like cough or fever from pathogens outside hospitals. It’s the most likely without hospital exposure history, aligning with typical outpatient respiratory infection patterns.

Choice B reason: Cor pulmonale involves right heart failure from lung disease, not primary infection. Maria’s acute symptoms suggest pneumonia, not chronic pulmonary hypertension, making this less probable without supporting cardiac findings.

Choice C reason: Hospital-acquired pneumonia requires recent hospitalization, not indicated here. Maria’s presentation lacks nosocomial context, favoring community-acquired pneumonia as the diagnosis based on typical outpatient symptom onset.

A. Titrate nitroprusside to decrease mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 115 mm Hg. B. Set up the automatic noninvasive BP machine to take readings every 15 minutes. C. Teach the patient stress-relieving techniques. D. Evaluate effectiveness of nitroprusside therapy on blood pressure (BP).

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Titrating nitroprusside requires adjusting IV infusion based on MAP, a skilled nursing task. Assistants can’t perform this, as it involves pharmacology and critical judgment beyond their scope in a crisis.

Choice B reason: Setting up a BP machine to monitor every 15 minutes is a technical task within an assistant’s role. It requires no interpretation, supporting the RN’s management of hypertensive crisis safely and effectively.

Choice C reason: Teaching stress relief demands nursing expertise in patient education and psychology. Assistants lack training to deliver this, making it an RN duty to ensure comprehension and relevance in care.

Choice D reason: Evaluating nitroprusside’s effect involves analyzing BP trends and drug response, a clinical skill. Delegation is inappropriate, as assistants can’t assess therapeutic outcomes or adjust care in this critical scenario.

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Complete the following sentence: Given the patient’s symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue, the nurse anticipates the primary care provider may increase the dose of (medication class) to help reduce fluid overload.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Based on Maria’s presenting symptoms and diagnostic test, the nurse suspects the patient will be diagnosed with ___________.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient with a hypertensive crisis who is receiving sodium nitroprusside. Which nursing action can the nurse delegate to an experienced nursing assistant?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient comes to the doctor’s office with the following complaints: Moderate to severe pain over the nose, eyes, and forehead, purulent nasal drainage, fever, and malaise. The nurse suspects the patient is suffering from ___________.

Which potential complication would the nurse identify as a high risk for a patient admitted to the hospital with pancytopenia? (Select all that apply)

The nurse assesses vital signs for a patient admitted 2 days ago with gram-negative sepsis: temperature of 101.2°F, blood pressure of 90/56 mm Hg, pulse of 92 beats/min, and respirations of 34 breaths/min. Which action would the nurse take next?

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) arrives in the emergency department reporting shortness of breath on minimal exertion. Which assessment finding by the nurse would be most important to report to the health care provider?

Which intervention for VTE care and prevention can the RN delegate to the nursing assistant?

The nurse is reviewing the patient’s history and recent lab results. Which of the following findings indicate an increased risk for cardiovascular complications? (Select all that apply)

Many hospitalized patients are at risk for developing VTE.

Which instruction will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a patient who was admitted with a sickle cell crisis?